Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pathology > Musculoskeletal Bones > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal Bones Flashcards

1
Q

What is a dysostoses?

A

Localized congenital/genetic bone disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a dysplasia?

A

Diffuse/Systemic genetic/congenital bone disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the hallmark of Osteogenesis Imperfecta?

A

Too little bone

Osteoporosis with skeletal fragility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the most common cause of dwarfism?

A

Achondroplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which disease has the “erhlenmeyer flask” deformity of long bones? And bones fracture like chalk due to extreme brittleness

A

Osteopetrosis (Marble Bone Disease)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which form of Osteoporosis is acquired due to Post-menopause age, Senility, Idipathic?

A

Primary Osteoporosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What form of osteoporosis is acquired due to endocrine, neoplasia, GI, drugs?

A

Secondary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the hallmark of osteoporosis?

A

Loss of bone, most obviously in parts of the skeleton with lots of trabecular bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are clinical presentations of osteoporosis?

A

Fractures
Pulmonary Edema/Pneumonia
Kyphoscoliosis (hunch back)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is osteoporosis an imbalance of

A

bone formation and resorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What virus is thought to contribute to the pathology of paget’s disease?

A

Paramyxovirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the histological hallmark of Paget’s

A

Mosiac, jigsaw pattern of lamellar bone with prominent cement lines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The lack of what vitamin is associated with Rickett’s?

A

Vitamin D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the difference between patients suffering from Rickett’s vs. Osteomalacia?

A

Kids have Rickett’s

Adults have Osteomalacia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What hormone regulates calcium levels?

A

PTH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the bone related hallmark of Hyperthyroidism?

A

Osteoclast activation and increasing bone resorption (to increase blood Ca levels)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are two complications of hyperthyroidism (related to bone)

A

Brown tumor

von Reckinghausen disease of bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the steps a healing bone fracture goes thru

A 
Organizing hematoma
Granulation tissue
Osteoid formation
Cartilage formation
New Bone Formation
Remodeling into lamellar bone
19
Q

What does osteonecrosis look like from a histological perspective?

A

Dead bone with empty lacunae
fat necrosis
“creeping substitution”

20
Q

What is inflamed when suffering from osteomyelitis?

A

bone and marrow cavity

21
Q

What is almost always the etiology of osteomyelitis?

A

Infection

22
Q

What classes of bacterium typically infect bone in terms of osteomyelitis?

A 
Staph in adults
E.coli & Group B Strep in neonates
Salmonella in Sickle Cell Patients
Pseudomonas in IV users
TB
23
Q

What disease is known as Pott’s when it affects the spine?

A

Osteomyelitis

24
Q

What are the 4 bone forming tumors?

A

Osteoma
Osteoid osteoma
Ostoblastoma
OSTEOSARCOMA

25
Q

What are the 3 cartilage forming tumors?

A

Osteochondroma
Enchondroma
Chondrosarcoma

26
Q

What are the two miscellaneous bone tumors?

A

Giant Cell Tumor

Ewing sarcoma and PNET

27
Q

Which malignant tumor is a threat to young patients?

A

Ewing Sarcoma

28
Q

How are tumors of connective tissues defined (terminology)

A

By pattern of differentiation/cell of origin in prefix of name

29
Q

what does the prefix leiomy- indicate?

A

smooth muscle

30
Q

What does the prefix fibro- indicate?

A

fibroblasts, myofibroblasts

31
Q

what does the prefix rhabdomyo- indicate?

A

rough skeletal

32
Q

what does the prefix myxoid indicate?

A

morphologic pattern of stroma

33
Q

What is the difference between -oma and -sarcoma?

A

sarcoma is malignant

34
Q

What disease consists of multiple benign osteomas?

A

gardner syndrome

35
Q

What benign tumor is painful at night and relieved by NSAIDs?

A

Osteoid osteoma

36
Q

What age of patients are usually affected by osteoid osteomas?

A

teens and twenties

37
Q

What benign tumor’s pain is not relieved by NSAIDs?

A

Osteoblastoma

38
Q

What are the age groups most impacted by osteosarcomas?

A

Younger than 20 and the elderely

39
Q

What are radiographic clues that indicate osteosarcoma?

A

Destructive lesion
Sunburst pattern
Codman triangle

40
Q

Where is the most likely place to get an osteosarcoma?

A

Knee joint

41
Q

What do osteoprogenitor cells differentiate into?

A

Osteoblasts

42
Q

Where can you find woven bone?

A

Fetal skeleton
At growth plates
Adults-pathologic

43
Q

What two types of bone are considered spongy bone?

A

Trabecular & Cancellous

Pathology (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions