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SRNAHealthAssessment > MUSCULOSKELETAL > Flashcards

MUSCULOSKELETAL Flashcards

1
Q

SYNOVIAL JOINTS (FJBA)

A
  • Freely movable with ROM
  • Jt. Capsule –> Synovial fluid
  • Bones w/ articular cartilage
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2
Q

Non-synovial (TNB)

A
  • Immovable (ex. Skull sutures)
  • No capsule
  • Bones joined by fibrous tissue/cartilage
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3
Q

Order of examination

A

Inspection

Palpation

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4
Q

Color, masses, Swelling

A
  • ↑ joint fluid (effusion)
  • Thickened synovium
  • Bursitis, tendonitis, tenosynovitis
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5
Q

Deformities

A
  • Dislocation (Humerus out of fossa)
  • Subluxation (partial)
  • Contracture
  • Ankylosis (fusing)
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6
Q

Palpable fluid is

A

abnormal. Pushing on one side of the capsule = fluid shift which causes visible bulging on the other side.

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7
Q

• Jt. Capsule

A
  • Not normally palpable
  • Inflamed Synovial membrane
  • Feels “doughy” or “boggy”
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8
Q

Note any:
• localize to specific anatomic structure
•

A

heat, swelling, masses, pain

- Skin
• Muscle
• bursae/ligaments/tendons
• Fat pads
• Capsule
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9
Q

Ask pt. move through full range

•

A

If see limitation, gently attempt passive motion
• Normal range of active & passive s/b same
• Note limitation/hyperflexion/hyperextension
• If any ↓ ↑ measure w/ goniometer

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10
Q

Crepitation

A
  • Audible/palpable crunching/grating
  • Occurs when articular surfaces are roughened
  • Ie. Rheumatoid arthritis
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11
Q

Normal incisor space

A

3-6cm

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12
Q

Normal lateral ROM

A

1-2cm

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13
Q

Cervical spine

• Pt. should have minimum of

A

45° flexion; 55° extension

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14
Q

Palpate with elbow flexed at

A 
70 degrees
- Extensor surface
• Olecranon process
• Medial & lateral epicondyles of humerus
• Head of Radius
• Extensor tendons
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15
Q

Common sites of inflammation & Tennis Elbow

A

Medial & lateral epicondyles of humerus
• Head of Radius
• Extensor tendons

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16
Q

• Gout

A

• Consolidated deposits

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17
Q

• Rheumatoid Nodules

A

Single or multiple nodules

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18
Q
  • Nodules
  • Heberden’s nodes =
  • Bouchard’s nodes =
A

OA

RA

19
Q

Phalen’s Test

•

A

Ask pt. hold hands back to back
• Flexing @ wrist 90 °
• Hold for 60 sec.
• *Pain, numbness, burning = carpal tunnel syndrome

20
Q

Tinel’s Sign

•

A

Direct percussion of Median N.

• Tingle, burning, “electrical shock” type pain = carpal tunnel

21
Q

Gait pattern s/b smooth & even

A

Trendeleburg Sign = weak or paralyzed hip abductors

• Damage to Superior Gluteal N. (L4, L5, S1)

22
Q

Palpation

A
  • Symmetric

* No pain or crepitance

23
Q

Prepatellar bursa

A

• Swelling = prepatellar bursitis

24
Q

Suprapatellar pouch

A

• Swelling = effusion

25
Q

• Lesions

A

(ie. Psoriasis)

26
Q

Angulation deformities:
• Genu varum
• Genu valgum

A

(bow-legs)

knock knees

27
Q

Tibiofemoral articulation (jt.)

A

• Pain @ jt. Line / Irregular bony margins = OA

osteophytes

28
Q

Check patella for crepitance

•

A

Hand on patella during flexion/extension
• Small crepitus in asymptomatic pt. usually ok
•* Pronounced crepitus = DJD*

29
Q

Knee sudden locking is

A

Sudden Locking = meniscus tear

30
Q

Audible or Palpable “click” = (

A

+) for torn meniscus

31
Q

Difference in shoulder level, ribs, scapulae & iliac crests =

A

scoliosis

32
Q

• Lateral tilting and forward bending =

A

herniated intervertebral disc

33
Q

LaSegue’s Test Straight LEG RAISE

A

• If sciatic pain reproduced = herniated disc

34
Q

LaSegue’s Test for

A

Herniated DISC

35
Q

• Sometimes true limb length is equal, but looks unequal. This is due to (PAF)

A

pelvic obliquity or
adduction or
flexion deformity of the HIP.

36
Q

For true length,

A

measure 2 fixed points

37
Q

For Leg discrepancy measure ______to _______crossing __________of _____

A

ASIS to Medial Malleolus crossing medial side of knee

38
Q

McMurray’s Test
• Pt. supine
• Stand on affected side
• Hold heel; flex knee & hip)

A

MedExROpu-in-val

39
Q

In-Var-out-La

A

Internally rotate tibia & VARUS (OUT) stress on knees tests LATERAL meniscus (Va

40
Q

Ex-Valg-IN-Me

A

• Externally rotate Tibia & push valgus (inward) stress on knee (tests medial meniscus

41
Q

What is rotate in mcMurrays

A

Tibia

42
Q

Test Muscle Strengtht – ask seated pt. to maintain flexion while you pull forward (FF)

A

• Flexion test

43
Q

Test Muscle Strength– ask pt. to rise from seated position w/o hands______ test (RSE)

A

Extension test

SRNAHealthAssessment (20 decks)

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