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SRNAHealthAssessment > Abdominal Examination > Flashcards

Abdominal Examination Flashcards

1
Q

Protuberant means

A

Protuberant = Distention

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2
Q

Protuberant abdomen can be due to

OFATOA

A 
Obesity
Air/Gas
Ascites
Ovarian Cyst (Large)
Fecal impaction
Tumor
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3
Q

Inspect abdomen for (BMH)

A
  • Bulges
  • Masses
  • Hernias
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4
Q

What is hernia?

A

Protrusion of viscera through muscle wall

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5
Q

Everted umbilicus (MAH)

A
  • Mass
  • Ascites
  • Hernia
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6
Q

Caput Medusa

A

Caput Medusa
• Portal HTN
• Cirrhosis
• IVC obstruction

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7
Q

What is the Cullen’s sign?

A

Blood tracks from retroperitoneum to umbilicus along gastrohepatic & falciform lig.

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8
Q

Pulsations/Movement

• Marked Pulse of Aorta (HAT)

A
  • HTN
  • Aortic insufficiency
  • Thyrotoxicosis
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9
Q

May indicate obstruction

A

Marked Visible Peristalsis w/ distention

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10
Q

No bowel sounds after _____indicates

A

• Absent (after 5 mins) = poss. Ileus

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11
Q

Auscultation 4 areas to cover (ARIF)

A 
4 Areas to check over:
• Aorta
• Renal arteries
• Iliac arteries
• Femoral arteries
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12
Q

Systolic bruit –>indicates

A

stenosis/occlusion

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13
Q

Dullness of abdomen can indicate (MAD)

A
  • Mass/Tumor
  • Ascites
  • Distended bladder
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14
Q

Hyperresonance may indicate

A

• Gaseous distention

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15
Q

Dullness above_________ indicates _______such as ____ and _______

A
  • Dullness above 5th interspace = Lung Ds.
  • Pleural effusion
  • consolidation
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16
Q

Normal adult liver span

A

Normal adult span 6-12cm

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17
Q

Stratch test
Alternate method to measure _______
4 steps PWBS

A

Alt. method to measure Liver Span
• Place stethoscope over Liver
• With one fingernail, scratch short strokes starting in RLQ, moving up
• Border found when scratch is heard in stethoscope
• Sound heard better through solids than air

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18
Q

**Splenic Dullness forward______indicates ________

A

Dullness forward of Midaxillary line = enlargement

19
Q

• If Spleen dull–>

A

Splenomegaly

20
Q

For splenic dullness

A
  • Percuss for dull note from 9th to 11th interspace just behind Midaxillary line
  • Dullness forward of Midaxillary line = enlargement
  • Next, percuss @lowest interspace Anterior axillary line
21
Q

Percussion and spleen what does it help with ?

A

This method gives early detection mild-moderate splenomegaly before spleen become palpable.

22
Q

Percuss kidneys

A

At 12th rib, CVA angle

• If pain = inflammation of kidney or paranephric area

23
Q

Abdomen palpation

A

Palpate Abdomen Surface & Deep Areas – mass or tenderness
• Start w/ Light palpation

24
Q

For abdominal palpation

A

Press 1cm

25
Q

Note any abnormalities:

L-TRAMB

A
  • Muscle guarding
  • Large masses
  • Tenderness
  • Rigidity
  • Boardlike = protective mechanism
  • Acute inflammation peritoneum
26
Q

Why do we use the bimanual technique?

A

to overcome resistance of large or obese abdomen

27
Q

LIVER PALPATTION If felt costal margin =________ note:

A 
>2cm below
Enlarged
• Note:
• Tenderness
• Consistency (hard, nodular)
28
Q

Hernias can be (SIS)

A

Stranding
Incarcerated
Strangulated

29
Q

If this organ is found enlarged ______during palpation what to do

A

SPLEEN
If enlarged, Stop
• Enlarged spleen very friable – can rupture easily

30
Q

Enlarged SPLEEN Indicates –>

A

Mononucleosis or Trauma

31
Q

AORTA: • Prominent Lateral Pulse (or >4cm) =

Normal is

A

Aortic aneurysm

2.5 – 4cm wide

32
Q

Pain @ McBurney’s point =

A

Acute appendicitis

33
Q

Rebound tenderness also knonw as

A

Rebound Tenderness (Blumberg Sign)

34
Q

McBurney’s point
Line from ______
Correlates to _________

A

Line from ASIS to Umbilicus
~ 1/3 of the way up
Correlates to base of appendix

35
Q

Appendicitis : • Iliopsoas Muscle Test

A
  • Pt. supine
  • Ask pt. raise Right leg (keep knee straight)
  • Push down against lower thigh
  • RLQ pain = appendicits
36
Q

Appendicitis: Obturator Test

A
  • Pt. supine
  • Flex hip & knee 90°
  • Internally & Externally rotate leg
  • Pain = appendicitis
37
Q

Ascites : Fluid wave test

A

Fluid Wave Test
• Ulnar edge of another examiner’s hand, or pt.s hand firmly on midline
• Place your L. hand on pt. right side
• Using your R. hand, Firmly strike pt. left flank
• If ascites present, fluid wave transmits through abd. to left hand
• If distended from gas, no wave is felt

38
Q

WHen there is ASCITES there will be

A

SHIFTING DULLNESS

39
Q

Shifting Level indicates= ______present

A

• Indicates shifting level of dullness = fluid presentd

40
Q

Shifting level positive with?

Will not detect?

A
  • Shifting level positive with Large Volume Ascites

* This method will not detect < 500 ml of fluid

41
Q

Inspiratory Arrest

A

(Murphy’s Sign)

42
Q

Murphy’s sign–>

A
  • Hold fingers under liver border
  • Ask pt. Deep Breath
  • If they wince or stop inspiration midway = cholecystitis
43
Q

Height correlates with

A

LIVER SIZE

SRNAHealthAssessment (20 decks)

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