musculo skeletal

Question 1

Sternocleidomastoid function and position

Answer 1

Helps with the breathing process attached to the sternum near the neck

Question 2

Rotator cuff function and position

Answer 2

Stabilizing muscles in the shoulder to prevent dislocation and allows the shoulder to rotate around the humerus on its own axis and by the shoulder

Question 3

Intercostals and their position

Answer 3

Assist with the breathing function at the chest

Question 4

Tibias anterior and their position

Answer 4

Helps with dorsi-flexion at the ankle just beneath the knee

Question 5

Deltoid position

Answer 5

at the shoulder

Question 6

Where are your triceps

Answer 6

Back of the humerus

Question 7

Bicep position

Answer 7

Top of the humerus

Question 8

Pectoral position

Answer 8

Chest

Question 9

What do the abdominals do

Answer 9

Flex the trunk across the stomach

Question 10

Latissimus dorsi function

Answer 10

Shoulder abduction and horizontal extension

Question 11

Quadricep function

Answer 11

Extension at the knee

Question 12

Gastrocnemius function

Answer 12

Plantar-flexion at the ankle

Question 13

Hamstring function

Answer 13

Flexion at the knee

Question 14

What is an isotonic contraction

Answer 14

These occur when a muscle attracts and changes length

Question 15

What is an isotonic eccentric contraction

Answer 15

When the muscle lengthens under tension

Question 16

How do muscles transfer force to bones

Answer 16

Via tendons

Question 17

What is an isometric contraction

Answer 17

this involves a muscle producing tension but staying the same length

Question 18

The muscle lengthening in an antagonistic muscle pair is called what

Answer 18

the antagonist

Question 19

The muscle contracting in an antagonistic muscle pair is called

Answer 19

the agonist

Question 20

Finish the antagonistic muscle pairs: biceps and ? Hamstrings and ? Gluteal and ? Gastrocnemius and ? Pectorialis major and ?

Answer 20

Triceps, quadriceps, hip flexors, tibias anterior and latissimus dorsi

Question 21

What are the 6 main functions of the skeletal system ?

Answer 21

Movement, support, protection, production of blood cells, mineral storage and structural shape

Question 22

What is meant by movement as a function of the skeletal system

Answer 22

Bones that act like lever and form joints that allow muscles to pull them and produce joint movements

Question 23

What is meant by support as a function of the skeletal system

Answer 23

The skeleton keeps the body upright and provides a framework for muscle and tissue attachment

Question 24

hat is meant by mineral storage as a function of the skeletal system

Answer 24

the bones themselves are made of minerals and act as a mineral store for calcium and phosphorous, which can be given up if the body requires the minerals for other functions.

Question 25

What is meant by protection as a function of the skeletal system

Answer 25

he bones of the skeleton protect the internal organs and reduce the risk of injury on impact. For example, the cranium protects the brain, the ribs offer protection to the heart and lungs, the vertebrae protect the spinal cord and the pelvis offers protection to the sensitive reproductive organs.

Question 26

What is meant by blood cell production as a function of the skeletal system

Answer 26

Certain bones in the skeleton contain red bone marrow and the bone marrow produces red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. Examples of bones that contain marrow are the pelvis, sternum, vertebrae and clavicle.

Question 27

What is meant by structural shape as a function of the skeletal system

Answer 27

he skeleton provides the human shape and determines the height of a person.

Question 28

What do connective tissues consist of

Answer 28

ligaments, cartilage and tendons

Question 29

What is a joint held together by

Answer 29

ligaments

Question 30

What is found at the ends of bones where joints meet

Answer 30

Cartilage

Question 31

What attaches muscles to the skeleton

Answer 31

tendons

Question 32

What does cartilage do

Answer 32

cushions the joint and prevents friction and wear and tear between the bone ends

Question 33

What does the bursae sac do

Answer 33

fluid sacs which help to prevent friction in the joint.

Question 34

What does the joint capsule do

Answer 34

prevents wear and tear on the bones.

Question 35

Give some properties of ligaments

Answer 35

a type of connective tissue and are tough, fibrous and slightly elastic connect bone to bone and help keep the joint together stabilise the joints during movement and prevent dislocation by restricting actions outside the normal joint range can absorb shock because of their elasticity, which protects the joint help maintain correct posture and movement

Question 36

Flexion

Answer 36

bending a joint. This occurs when the angle of a joint decreases. For example, the elbow flexes when performing a bicep curl

Question 37

Extension

Answer 37

straightening a joint. This occurs when the angle of a joint increases, for example, at the elbow when putting a shot.

Question 38

Abduction

Answer 38

movement away from the midline of the body. This occurs at the hip and shoulder joints during a jumping jack movement.

Question 39

Adduction

Answer 39

movement towards the midline of the body. This occurs at the hip and shoulder, returning the arms and legs back to their original position from a jumping jack movement.

Question 40

Rotation

Answer 40

this is where the limb moves in a circular movement around a fixed joint towards or away from the midline of the body. This occurs in the hip in golf while performing a drive shot.

Question 41

Plantar-flexion

Answer 41

pointing the toes – this movement only occurs at the ankle, for example, pointing the toes in ballet.

Question 42

Dorsi-flexion

Answer 42

the foot moves towards the shin as if you are pulling your toes up. This movement only occurs at the ankle.

Question 43

What joints are hinge joints at

Answer 43

elbow and knee

Question 44

What joints are ball and socket joints

Answer 44

Shoulder and hip

Question 45

What types of movements happen at ball and socket joints

Answer 45

Flexion/extension, rotation, abduction, adduction, circumduction

Question 46

What types of movements happen at hinge joints

Answer 46

Flexion/extension dorsi and plantar flexion

Question 47

Give properties of hinge joints

Answer 47

these can be found in the elbow, knee and ankle. Hinge joints are like the hinges on a door, and allow you to move the elbow and knee in only one direction. They allow flexion and extension of a joint. At the ankle different terms are used. When the toes are pointed downwards, it is plantar flexion and when the toes are pointed upwards it is dorsiflexion.

Question 48

Give properties of ball and socket joints

Answer 48

these types of joint can be found at the shoulder and hip and allow movement in almost every direction. A ball and socket joint is made up of a round end of one bone that fits into a small cup-like area of another bone.

Question 49

What do ligaments do?

Answer 49

Attach bones to bone, to give stability to joints and are tough white and flexible

Question 50

Eccentric

Answer 50

Tension of a muscle as it is lengthened

Question 51

Concentric

Answer 51

Tension of a muscle as it is being shortened

Question 52

What do tendons do?

Answer 52

Attach muscle to bone, carry the force from muscle contraction to the bone and or tough greyish and flexible