Cardiovascular System (air Pathway Too) Flashcards
What is the right hand side of the heart responsible for?
Pumping deoxygenated blood to the lungs
What is the left-hand side of the heart responsible for?
Pumping oxygenated blood around the body
Properties of the atria
Where the blood collects when it enters the heart
Properties of the ventricles
Pump blood out of the heart to the lungs or around the body
Properties of the septum
Separates the right hand and left-hand side of the heart
Properties of the tricuspid valve
Located between the right atrium and right ventricle and opens due to a buildup of pressure in the right atrium
Properties of the bicuspid valve
Located between the left acre and left ventricle and likewise opens due to a buildup of pressure this time in the left atrium
Properties of the semi lunar valves
Stop the backflow of blood into heart. There is a semilunar valve where the water leaves are left electrical and another where the pulmonary artery leaves the right ventricle.
Properties of aorta
The largest artery in the body, it carries oxygenated blood away from the left ventricle to the body
Properties of the vena cava
The largest vein in the body, it carries the oxygenated blood from the body back to the heart
Properties of the pulmonary artery
Carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs
Properties of pulmonary vein
Returns oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart
What are the four main functions of the cardiovascular system?
Deliver oxygen and nutrients to the body, remove the waste product such as carbon dioxide and lactic acid, protection against diseases and infection and to maintain body temperature
What is systolic value?
Blood pressure while the heart is squeezing
What is diastolic value?
Blood pressure while the heart is relaxing
The average blood pressure for an adult is 120/80mmHg. Which number is the systolic value and which number is the diastolic value?
First is systolic second is diastolic
What are the two things? Blood pressure is determined by?
Cardiac output and resistance to the blood flow
What causes resistance to blood flow?
The diameter of the blood vessels and the thickness of the blood
What happens to the resistance of blood flow blood pressure? The person has a condition called atherosclerosis (plaque in the arteries?)
The resistance to blood flow will increase and so will the blood pressure
What is heart rate?
The number of times the heart beats (or the ventricles pump blood out) in one minute
What is the average resting heart rate?
70bmp
What is stroke volume?
The amount of blood pumped out of the ventricles each time they contract
What is the average resting stroke volume?
70ml
What is cardiac output?
The amount of blood pumped from the heart every minute
How can you calculate cardiac output?
Heart rate x stroke volume
How to find out maximum heart rate
220-age
what happens to stroke volume during exercise?
It increases
What happens to cardiac output during exercise?
It increases
Blood pressure during exercise what…
Increases
What is the passage of air to the lungs?
Enters the body and is warmed as it travels through the mouth and nose. Then enters the trachea. The trachae divides into two bronchi. One bronchus enters each lung. Each Bronchus branches out into smaller tubes called bronchioles. Air travels through these bronchioles. At the end of the Bronchioles the air enters one of the many millions of alveoli where Gaseous exchange takes place
