Muscular Training: Postural Assessments and Common Deviations

Question 1

Static Posture Assessment

Answer 1

Offers inside into muscle imbalance at a joint and working relationships of muscles surrounding it, altered neural action of muscles moving and controlling the joint.

Question 2

Postural deviation: Lordosis

Answer 2

Increased anterior lumbar curve from neutral, pelvis is rounded forward (anteriorly)

Question 3

Postural deviation: Kyphosis

Answer 3

Increased posterior thoracic curve from neutral. Pelvis is rounded forward (anteriorly)

Question 4

Postural deviation: Flat Back

Answer 4

Decreased anterior lumbar curve, pelvis is tilted posteriorly (back)

Question 5

Postural deviation: Sway Back

Answer 5

Decreased anterior lumbar curve and increased posterior thoracic curve. Pelvis is rounded posteriorly (back).

Question 6

Postural deviation: Scoliosis

Answer 6

Lateral spinal curvature often with vertebral rotation.

Question 7

Muscle Imbalances associated with Lordosis

Answer 7

Shortened: Hip flexors, lumbar extensors
Lengthened: Hip extensors, external obliques, rectus abdominis

Question 8

Muscle Imbalances associated with Kyphosis

Answer 8

Shortened: Anterior chest/shoulders, latissimus dorsi, neck extensors
Lengthened: Upper back extensors, scapular stabilizers, neck flexors

Question 9

Muscle Imbalances associated with Flat Back

Answer 9

Shortened: Rectus abdominis, upper back extensors, neck extensors, ankle plantar flexors.
Lengthened: Iliacus/psoas major

Question 10

Muscle imbalances associated with Sway Back

Answer 10

Shortened: Hamstrings, upper fibers of posterior obliques, lumbar extensors, neck extensors.
Lengthened: iliac/psoas major, rectus femoris, external oblique, upper back extensors, neck flexors

Question 11

Correctable Factors

Answer 11

Repetitive movements, awkward positions, side dominance, lack of joint stability, lack of joint mobility, imbalanced strength-training programs.

Question 12

Non-Correctable Factors

Answer 12

Congenital Conditions (scoliosis), some pathologies (rheumatoid arthritis), structural deviations, certain types of trauma (Surgery).

Question 13

Deviation: Subtalar Joint Pronation

Answer 13

foot eversion taking place, internal rotation of the knee, internal rotation of the femur.

Question 14

Deviation: Subtalar Joint Supination

Answer 14

Foot inversion taking place, external rotation of the knee, external rotation of the femur.

Question 15

Deviation: Hip Adduction

Answer 15

Lateral tilt of the pelvis elevating one hip higher than the other.

Question 16

Deviation: Anterior Pelvic Tilt

Answer 16

Occurs in individuals with tight hip flexors and associated with sedentary lifestyles. The superior, anterior portion of the pelvis tilts downward and forward. (water spilling from front of pelvis)

Question 17

Deviation: Posterior Pelvic Tilt

Answer 17

Rotates the superior posterior portion of the pelvis backward and downward (water spilling out the back of the pelvis)

Question 18

Deviation: Shoulders-Scapular Protraction

Answer 18

Rounding of the shoulders forward

Question 19

Deviation: Shoulders-Scapular Winging

Answer 19

Shoulders falling backward

Question 20

Deviation: Forward Head position

Answer 20

Head is shifted forward not inline with shoulders, earlobes are not aligned with clavicle.