Muscular System

Question 1

What is the muscular system?

Answer 1

An organ system consisting of over 640 muscles

Question 2

What are the four main functions of the muscular system?

Answer 2

• Allows movement in the body
• Maintain posture
• Stabilize joints
• Generates heat

Question 3

What is a muscle?

Answer 3

A discrete organ made of skeletal muscle tissue, blood vessels, tendons, and nerves.

Question 4

What are the five properties of muscles?

Answer 4

Excitable, contractible, extensible, elasticity, adaptability

Question 5

What does “Contractible” mean?

Answer 5

Capable of shortening

Question 6

What does “Extensible” mean?

Answer 6

can be stretched without damage

Question 7

What does “Excitable” or “irritable” mean?

Answer 7

Capable of receiving and responding to stimulation by nerves

Question 8

What does “elasticity” mean?

Answer 8

able to return to resting shape after being contracted or extended

Question 9

What does “adaptability” mean?

Answer 9

Can change in response to how it’s used, get bigger or smaller

Question 10

What are the two types of muscle movements?

Answer 10

Voluntary and involuntary

Question 11

What is a voluntary muscle movement?

Answer 11

Controlled consciously by a person such as speaking, walking, and writing

Question 12

What is an involuntary muscle movement?

Answer 12

Controlled by unconscious part of the brain such as heartbeat, intestine moving waste, and breathing

Question 13

What are the three types of muscles?

Answer 13

Cardiac, Smooth, skeletal

Question 14

What is a Cardiac muscle?

Answer 14

Forms the wall of the heart and controls your heartbeat (involuntary)

Question 15

What is a smooth muscle?

Answer 15

Weakest of all muscle tissues, found in organs and perform unique functions like grinding, churning, or moving (involuntary)

Question 16

What is skeletal muscle?

Answer 16

Connect to the skeleton in at least one place to move parts of bones closer to each other (voluntary)

Question 17

How do muscles get their names?

Answer 17

Location, size, direction, number of origins, and shape

Question 18

What is an “origin”?

Answer 18

Where the muscle connects to the anchor bone. It moves little, if at all

Question 19

What is an “insertion”?

Answer 19

Where the muscle connects to the movable bone

Question 20

What are the two types of connective tissue?

Answer 20

Tendons and Facia

Question 21

What are tendons?

Answer 21

Dense layered collagen fibers that attach muscle to a bone

Question 22

What are Facia?

Answer 22

Dense layered collagen fibers that surrounds muscles and connects muscle to muscle

Question 23

What are the types of muscle movements?

Answer 23

Adduction, Abduction, Flexion, Extension, Rotation, Circumduction

Question 24

What other body systems work with the muscular system?

Answer 24

The nervous system works with the voluntary muscular system to move the skeletal system.

If nerves are severed, they will not be able to produce voluntary muscle movement. (paralyzation)

Question 25

What are the four major diseases of the muscular system?

Answer 25

Muscular Dystrophy, Cerebral Palsy, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), and tendonitis

Question 26

What is Muscular Dystrophy?

Answer 26

A genetic disease that causes damage of muscle fiber, causing weakness, immobility, and imbalance

Question 27

What is cerebral palsy?

Answer 27

A congenital disorder that affects the posture, balance, and motor functions

Question 28

What is Amytrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)?

Answer 28

A neurodegenerative disease that causes loss of control on voluntary muscles. Also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease

Question 29

What is Tendonitis?

Answer 29

Tendons get inflamed or irritated. Most common in wrists, elbows, shoulders, and heels. Causes pain and swelling