Muscular System Flashcards
What does actin attach to?
The Z-line
A study shows that decreased calcium content possibly contributes to poor sketch muscle contractility. Which structures was most likely observed to arrive at this conclusion?
The sarcoplasmic reticulum
What substance is required to drive the slide filament process?
ATP
What is the anatomy of the muscular system?
Skeletal muscles and other associated tendons
What are the three different types of muscle tissues?
Cardiac-Cardiac muscle cells are located in the walls of the heart, appear striped (striated), and are under involuntary control
Skeletal-Skeletal muscle fibers occur in muscles which are attached to the skeleton. They are striated in appearance and are under voluntary control.
Smooth-Smooth muscle fibers are located in walls of hollow visceral organs (such as the liver, pancreas, and intestines), except the heart, appear spindle-shaped, and are also under involuntary control.
What is the role of the muscular system in movement?
Nearly all movement in the body is the result of muscle contraction. Muscles move body parts by contracting and then relaxing. Muscles can pull bones, but they can’t push them back to the original position. So they work in pairs of flexors and extensors.
What is the physiology of muscle contraction and movement?
Skeletal muscle contraction begins first at the neuromuscular junction, which is the synapse between a motoneuron and a muscle fiber.
What are the three types of joints?
Immovable-Bones at fibrous joints are immovable and connected by fibrous connective tissue.
Partly movable-cartilaginous joints connected by cartilage and are slightly movable
Synovial- freely movable and allow for motion at the location where bones meet.
Ball n socket(hip) and shoulder
Pivot(neck)
Hinge(elbow)
Saddle
What are ligaments?
A fibrous connective tissue that attaches bone to bone and usually serves to hold structures together and keep them stable
What are myofibrils, actin, and myosin myofilaments?
Myofibrils- are cylindrical bundles of contractile filaments within the skeletal muscle cell
Actin- are responsible for many types of cell movements
Myosin- a protein that converts chemical energy in the form of ATP to mechanical energy to generate force and movement
Myofilaments
What is the slide filament theory?
What are the four properties of the muscular system?
Excitability- ability of muscle to respond to stimuli
Contractibility-ability of muscle to contract or shorten its size
Extensibility-ability of muscle to stretch
Elasticity-ability of muscle to return to original length after stretching
Synergist
A synergist muscle assists the agonist muscle or “primary mover” for a specific action at a joint.
