Cardiovascular System Flashcards
Which wave is associated with a ventricle systole?
The QRS complex
What is the purpose of an electrocardiogram?
Display the hearts rate and rhythm
What is the name of the vessel that carries blood away from the heart to the other tissues and organs of the body?
The aorta
Which term describes the destruction of red blood cells?
Hemolysis
Which type of tissue is responsible for pumping blood throughout the
body?
A) Epithelial tissue
B) Connective tissue
C) Muscle tissue
D) Nervous tissue
Muscle tissue
Rationale: Muscle tissue is responsible for producing movement. The
heart’s muscular layer, the myocardium, contracts to pump blood
throughout the body.
What is blood?
A specialized fluid that transports oxygen and nutrients to the cells and Carrie’s away carbon dioxide and other waste products.
What elements make up blood?
Plasma: mixture of water, sugar, fat, protein, and salt( maintains the body’s fluid balance)
Red blood cells( erythrocytes): contains hemoglobin, which helps carry oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body and then returns carbon dioxide from the body to the lungs so it can be exhaled.
White blood cells( leukocytes): protects the body against infections.
Platelets( thrombocytes): helps the blood clotting process
What is the function of blood?
1.Transporting oxygen and nutrients to the lungs and tissues
2.Forming blood clots to prevent excess blood loss
3.carrying cells and antibiotics that fight infections
4.bringing waste products to the kidneys and liver, which filters and cleans the blood
5. Regulating body temperature
What are the four different blood groups?
A
B
AB
O
What is the difference between the blood groups?
Blood group A: contains A antigens on red blood cells with anti B antibodies in the plasma
Blood group B: contains B antigens on red blood cells with anti A antibodies in the plasma
Blood group AB: contains A and B antigens on red blood cells with no antibodies
Blood group O: contains no antigens with anti A and anti B antibodies in the plasma
How does blood circulates through the heart and through the anatomy of the heart?
Blood circulation:
1. Superior vena cava
2. Inferior vena cava
3. Right atrium
4.Tricuspid valve
5. Right ventricle
6. Pulmonary valve
7. Pulmonary arteries
8. Pulmonary vein
9. Left atrium
10. Mitral valve
11. Left ventricle
12. Aortic valve
13. Aorta
What is the difference between systemic and pulmonary circulation?
Systemic circulation: moves blood between the heart and the rest of the body. It sends oxygenated blood out to cells and returns deoxygenated blood to the heart.
Pulmonary circulation: moves blood between the heart and the lungs. It transports deoxygenated blood to the lungs to absorb oxygen and release carbon dioxide. The oxygenated blood flows back to the heart.
What is deoxygenated blood?
Blood that lacks oxygen in comparison to blood leaving the lungs.It is carried by veins and puts less pressure on the veins.
What is oxygenated blood?
Blood with a high percentage of oxygen and low in carbon dioxide. It is carried by the arteries and puts more pressure on arteries.
What is the cardiac cycle?
The period of time that begins with contraction of the atria and ends with ventricular relaxation is known as the cardiac cycle.The period of contraction that the heart undergoes while it pumps blood into circulation is called (systole). The period of relaxation that occurs as the chambers fill with blood is called (diastole). Both the atria and ventricles undergo systole and diastole, and it is essential that these components be carefully regulated and coordinated to ensure blood is pumped efficiently to the body.
