MUSCULAR SYSTEM Flashcards
Functions of Muscular system
Functions:
1. Body movement
2. Maintenance of posture
3. Respiration
4. Production of body heat
5. Communication
6. Constriction of organs and vessels
7. Heartbeat
Properties of Muscle
- Contractility
- Excitability
- Extensibility
- Elasticity
3 types of muscle tissue
• Smooth muscle tissue
• Cardiac muscle tissue
• Skeletal muscle tissue
Cardiomyocytes
Cardiac muscle cells
short tapered cells, but no striations
Smooth muscle tissue
Cells divide and converge, one nuclear per cell, striated, with intercalated disks
Cardiac muscle tissue
Long multinucleate parallel cell, striations, (fine black lines running perpendicular to the fibers)
Skeletal muscle tissue
Muscle in the bicep part
Biceps brachii
Muscle in the hip bone
Gluteus maximus
Muscle in the femur
Vastus lateralis
Each one is rigged up with it’s own ________ to stimulate contraction, and its own _____ and ____
✓ Personal nerve
✓ artery and vein
The entire muscle is wrapped in a layer of a dense
connective tissue called the
Epimysium
Upon the muscle
Epimysium
a layer of fibroud connective tissue
Perimysium
(meaning “Around the muscle”).
Perimysium
The third, innermost layer
Endomysium
(“Within
the muscle”)
Endomysium
surrounds and reinforces every
muscle fiber.
Endomysium
_____ can allow proteins to bind or unbind with other stuff
Changing shapes
gives
skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues that
STRIATED or STRIPED, appearance.
repeating pattern of overlapping
filaments in lots of sarcomeres
are also players in
smooth and cardiac tissue, though the
control and organization of the filaments
and fibers is different.
ACTIN and MYOSIN
describes
how during contraction the two ends of a
sarcomere come closer and the thin
filaments slide past the thick ones so actin
and myosin overlap more.
The sliding filament of muscle
Is a king of molecular currency
ATP
transmits AP deeply into the muscle fiber
to the vicinity of all separate myofibril.
- cause release of Ca ions in the immediate
vicinity of all the myofibrils (excitation-
contraction coupling)
ROLE OF T-TUBULES OF SARCOPLASMIC
RETICULUM
ROLE OF T-TUBULES OF SARCOPLASMIC
RETICULUM
transmits AP deeply into the muscle fiber
to the vicinity of all separate myofibril.
- cause release of Ca ions in the immediate
vicinity of all the myofibrils (excitation-
contraction coupling)
removes Ca ions from the
myofibrillar fluid.
Calcium pump
heart has one T-
Tubule networks for each sarcomere,
located near each end of myosin filament.
Mammalian cardiac
protein in the SR for
storage of calcium ions
CALCEQUESTRIAN
When stuff binds to protein,
The proteins _______
Change shape
TROPONIN
COMPLEX
TROPOMYOSIN
Regulates the interaction between active
sites on actin and myosin
TROPOMYOSIN
has inhibitory effect on muscle
contraction but could be inhibited by the
presence of calcium ions.
TROPOMYOSIN
