LECTURE 3 | Hematopoietic Tissue Flashcards
Unique form of Connective tissue
Blood
3 Major Cell types
- Erythrocytes (RBC’s)
- Leukocytes (WBC’S)
- Thrombocytes (Platelets)
Determine the percentage of each in blood:
• Plasma
• Buffy Coat
• RBC
• Plasma = 55%
• Buffy Coat = 1%
• RBC’S = 45%
Blood cell production
Hemopoiesis
The site of hemopoiesis occurs in the different sites of the body, depending on the ____________.
Stage of development
The sites of hemopoiesis when it is still an embryo is in the ___________ and later in the development of liver, spleen, lymph nodes, and bone marrow.
Yolk sac
In the newborn, all bone marrow is _______ and functions in hemopoiesis.
Red marrow
All blood cells originate from a common _________ in the red bone marrow that is self-renewing.
Stem cell
During hemopoiesis, some lymphoid cells remain in the bone marrow and migrate via bloodstream to lymph nodes and the spleen, where they proliferate and differentiate into _______________, after which they colonize peripheral lymphoid tissues.
B-lymphocytes
Other undifferentiated lymphoid cells migrate to Thymus gland, where they proliferate and differentiate into immunocompetent ___________.
T-lymphocytes
These 2 lymphocytes both resides in numerous peripheral lymphoid tissues, lymph nodes, and spleen.
B and T lymphocytes
Initiate immune response when exposed to antigens
B-lymphocytes & T-lymphocytes
B and T lymphocytes has a different protein markers on their cell surfaces, by what means does it allow to be distinguished?
By immunohistochemical means
Delivers oxygen from lungs to the tissues
Erythrocytes
Facilitates carbon dioxide transport
Erythrocytes
• Acts as buffer and regulates hydrogen ion concentration
• Contributes to blood viscosity
• Carries blood group antigens and Rh factor
Erythrocytes
A major blood cell type that is subdivided in Granulocytes and Agranulocytes depending on the absence/presence of granules in their cytoplasm.
Leukocytes
What are the 3 leukocytes that belong to the Granulocytes group?
✓ Neutrophils
✓ Eosinophils
✓ Basophils
Capture and destroy invading microorganisms
Neutrophils
Mediators of inflammation
Neutrophils
A leukocytes that move to inflamed areas
Eosinophils
Leukocytes that traps substances
Eosinophils
Leukocytes that:
• Killing cells, anti parasitic and bactericidal activity
• participating in immediate allergic reactions
• Modulating inflammatory response
Eosinophils
The Innate Immune System
Eosinophils
It combat parasites by release of cytotoxic chemicals, which attack the parasite.
Eosinophils
What does the eosinophils release to combat a parasite?
Cytotoxic chemicals
Serve as the immune surveillance
Basophils
Help detect and destroy some early cancer cells
Basophils
A leukocytes that release histamine in their granules during an allergic reaction.
Basophils
Defends against bacterial or fungal infection
Neutrophils
Most commonly released with early acute inflammation
Neutrophils
Makes up 60% of total leukocyte count
Neutrophils
The life span is about 5 days
Neutrophil
These are inflammatory cells
Eosinophils
These respond in allergic reactions and parasitic invasions
Eosinophils
• These are responsible for allergic reactions
• They release histamine which causes vasodilation
Basophil
These are known as macrophages which are responsible for phagocytosis of pathogenic cells
Monocytes
They present pathogens to T cells which kill them.
Monocytes
What are the 2 Leukocytes that falls under the group Agranulocytes?
✓ Lymphocytes
✓ Monocytes
Helps the body fight cancer and foreign viruses and bacteria (antigen)
Lymphocytes
Helps our immune system remember every antigen it comes in contact with.
Lymphocytes
Resides in the blood and tissue to find and destroy germs (virus, bacteria, fungi, protozoa) and eliminate infected cells.
Monocytes
A leukocytes that call other WBC’s to help treat injury and prevent infection
Monocytes
Can be found in blood but not a blood cells
Thrombocytes (Platelets)
Smallest, nonnucleated formed elements appear in the blood of all mammals
Thrombocytes
Largest cells in the bone marrow
Megakaryocytes
Membrane bound cytoplasmic fragments or remnants of megakaryocyte.
Platelets
It continually monitor the vascular system and detect damage to the endothelial lining of the vessels
Thrombocytes
If there are damage /breaks in the vascular system or in the endothelial lining of the vessels, the platelets will adhere to the damaged site and initiate a highly complex chemical process that produces _________.
Blood clotting
• They are enucleated (without nucleus) and stain pink with eosin.
• They are uniform in size and measure approximately 7.5 um in diameter, which is the approximate size of the capillaries.
Erythrocytes
