AUTONOMIC Nervous System Flashcards
Functions of Autonomic Nervous System
✓ changing your body temperature
✓ sending extra blood to a particular area
✓ slowing your heartbeat
✓ tweaking your stomach secretions
2 divisions under autonomic nervous system
• Sympathetic Nervous System
• Parasympathetic Nervous System
Difference of Sympathetic and Parasympathetic NS
- sites of origin of neurons from the CNS.
- Relative lengths of their fibers.
- Location of their ganglia.
Where does the Sympathetic NS originates?
Thoracolumbar area
It originate from between your thoracic and lumbar ver
Sympathetic NS
Origin of Parasympathetic NS
Craniosacral
It sprouts from the base of your brain and just superior to your tailbone
Parasympathetic NS
Both parts of your Autonomic system require ________ in order to work
Two Neurons
Clusters of neuron cell bodies that house millions of synapses
Ganglia
Found closer to the spinal cord
Sympathetic Ganglia
Found way out from the spine, near, or even inside, their effector organs
Parasympathetic Ganglia
Their neurons themselves have slightly DIFFERENT FORMS, namely the _______.
Length of their Axons
The neuron before the ganglion
Preganglionic cell
The neurons after the ganglion
Postganglionic cell
controls the body’s stress
response
Sympathetic NS
cause smooth muscles to constrict
Alpha receptors
cause smooth muscles to relax
Beta receptors
are secreted as
hormones
Norepinephrine & Epinephrine
What neurons use to communicate with each other or their effector organs, across a synapse
Neurotransmitters
✓ secreted by your glands
✓ flow through bloodstream
Hormones
Products of nervous tissue
Neurotransmitters
Products of epithelial tissue
Hormones
ACh
Acetylcholine
It is always released from postganglionic fibers in the sympathetic NS
Norepinephrine
Fibers that release ACh
Preganglionic fibers
Fibers that releases norepinephrine
Postganglionic fibers
Glands that releases norepinephrine as a hormone
Adrenal glands
released from a neuron and traveling across a synapse
Neurotransmitters
Secreted by a gland into the bloodstream for more widespread distribution
Hormone
Structural differences from the Parasympathetic
Nervous System
• Twelve Cranial Nerves
• Vagus nerve
Different problems in ANS
✓ high blood pressure
✓ digestive problems
✓ suppression of your immune system
It also carry motor fibers that control voluntary functions
Cranial Nerves
Takes scent information gathered by the nose and sends it to the brain
Olfactory nerve
Takes visual information gathered by the eyes and sends it to the brain
Optic nerve
Controls four of the six muscles that control the movement of your eyes
Oculomotor Nerve
Controls just a single muscle of the eye
Trochlear Nerve
Branches into three main strands and innervates the face and jaw muscles
Trigeminal nerve
Stimulates some of the muscles in your eyes
Abducens
Operates the muscles that make most facial expressions possible
Facial nerve
Carries sensory information from the cochlea to the brain
Auditory nerve
Leads to your tongue and pharynx
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Controls the heart and digestive tract among other functions
Vagus nerve
Has to do with moving your head and shoulders
Spinal Accessory Nerve
Allows you to swallow and talk
Hypoglossal nerve
Controls the heart and digestive tract among other functions
Vagus nerve
It’s no wonder that its name comes from the Latin for wandering, as in “vagabond”
Vagus nerve
