Muscular System Flashcards
List the 4 main functions of the muscular system
allows movement
maintains posture
stabilizes joints
generates heat
Which property of muscles says they are capable of receiving and responding to stimulation by nerves
Excitable or Irritable
Which property of muscles says they are capable of shortening
contractible
which properties of muscles allow them to be stretched without damage?
Extensible
Which property of muscles says they are able to return to resting shape after being contracted and extended?
elasticity
Which property of muscles says they can change in response to how it’s used, they can get bigger or smaller
adaptability
this is a muscle movement controlled consciously by a person such as speaking, writing and writing
voluntary
This is a muscle movement that is controlled by the unconscious part of the brain such as heartbeat, intestine moving waste, and breathing
involuntary
This type of muscle forms the wall of our heart and controls your heartbeat. It is involuntary
Cardiac muscle
This type of muscle is the weakest of all muscle tissue found in the organs and are found in our digestive system, the iris of our eye, and arteries and veins. All involuntary
smooth muscle
this type of muscle is connected to our skeleton in at least one place to move parts of bones closer to each other. This is voluntary!
skeletal muscles
These are the 5 ways muscles get their names
location
size
direction of the muscle fibers
number of tendons of origin
shape
This word is used to describe muscle fibers that run parallel to the midline
Rectus
This word is used to describe muscle fibers that run perpendicular to the midline
transverse
This word is used to describe muscle fibers that run diagonally to the midline
oblique
This muscle has two tendons of origin
Biceps
This muscle has three tendons of origin
Triceps
This muscle has four tendons of origin
Quadriceps
This name describes a muscle having a triangular shape
deltoid
This name describes a muscle having a trapezoid shape
Trapezius
This name describes a muscle having a rhomboid/diamond shape
Rhomboideus
The name describes a muscle having a saw tooth shape
Serratus
Attached to the less movable bone
origin
attached to the movable bone
insertion
moving toward the midline of the body
adduction
moving away from the midline of the body
abduction
a movement that decreases the angle between two body parts
flexion
a movement that increases the angle between two body parts
extension
moving a toward or away from the midline
rotation
circular movement of a limb from the joint at which the movement is controlled
circumduction
what two systems does the muscular system work most closely with?
skeletal and nervous
a genetic disorder that causes damage of the muscle fiber causing weakness, immobility, and imbalance
Muscular Dystrophy
a congenital disorder that affects the posture, balance, and motor functions
Cerebral Palsy
Neurogenerative disease that causes loss of control on voluntary muscles
ALS - Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
or Lou Gehrig’s Disease
when tendons become inflamed or irritated most common in wrists, elbows, shoulders and heels causing pain and swelling
Tendonitis
