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LBBBIO8 > Muscular system > Flashcards

Muscular system Flashcards

1
Q

fixed point of attachment of muscle

A

origin

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2
Q

movable point of attachment

A

insertion

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3
Q

part between origin and insertion

A

muscle belly

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4
Q

multiple origins

A

heads

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5
Q

multiple insertions

A

slips

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6
Q

example of a bone named after attachment

A

sternoradialis

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7
Q

example of bone named after location

A

pectoralis

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8
Q

example of bone named after shape

A

deltoid

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9
Q

example of bone named after size and action

A

adductor magnus

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10
Q

name of bone named after direction of muscle fibers

A

external oblique

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11
Q

adductor

A

move a part TOWARDS the main axis of the body

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12
Q

abductor

A

move a part AWAY from the main axis

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13
Q

extensor

A

move jointed parts AWAY from each other

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14
Q

flexor

A

move jointed parts TOWARDS each other

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15
Q

levator

A

RAISES a part

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16
Q

depresor

A

LOWERS a part

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17
Q

large spaces between the skin and muscles where the skin is not attached

A

subcutaneous lymph sacs

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18
Q

surrounds the muscles and separates it from other muscles

A

fascia

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19
Q

OIA of submentalis

A

O: anterior tip of the mandible
I: anterior angle of the lower jaw
A: raises the tip of the lower jaw

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20
Q

OIA of mylohyoid

A

O: median surface of the mandible
I: median raphe
A: raises the floor of the mouth during breathing or swallowing

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21
Q

OIA of sternoradialis

A

O: episternum and omosternum
I: proximal end of the radius
A: flexes forearm

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22
Q

OIA of cutaneous pectoralis

A

Origin: Xiphisternum; from the anterior margin of the sheath
that covers the rectus abdominis

Insertion: Dermis of the skin at the pectoral region

Action: Tenses the skin that overlies the pectoral girdle

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23
Q

OIA of pectoralis

A

Origin: Sternum

Insertion: Humerus

Action: Flexor, adductor, and rotator of the arm

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24
Q

OIA of rectus abdominis

A

Origin: Pubic border
Insertion: Sternum
Action: Support the abdominal viscera; hold the sternum in
place

25
Q

OIA of external oblique

A

Origin: Ilium; dorsal fascia of vertebrae
Insertion: Linea alba
Action: Help constrict the abdomen; support the viscera

26
Q

OIA of Internal oblique

A

Origin: Ilium; dorsal fascia; transverse process of vertebrae

Insertion: Anterior portion of the same aponeurosis to which the
external oblique attaches

Action: Help constrict the abdomen; support the viscera

27
Q

OIA of sartorius

A

Origin: Pubis
Insertion: Tibiofibula
Action: Flexes the shank; adducts the thigh

28
Q

OIA of adductor longus

A

Origin: Ilium
Insertion: Femur
Action: Adducts the thigh

29
Q

OIA of adductor magnus

A

Origin: Pubic symphysis; ischial symphysis
Insertion: Distal end of the femur
Action: Adducts the thigh; flexes or extends the shank

30
Q

OIA of gracilis major

A

Origin: Ischium
Insertion: Tibiofibula
Action: Adducts the thigh; flexes the shank

31
Q

OIA of gracilis minor

A

Origin: Ischium
Insertion: Tibiofibula
Action: Adducts the thigh; flexes the shank

32
Q

OIA of semitendinosus

A

Origin: Ischium
Insertion: Tibiofibula
Action: Adducts the thigh; flexes the leg

33
Q

OIA of gastrocnemius

A

Origin: Distal end of the femur; anterior portion of the knee
Insertion: Ankle of the foot
Action: Extensor of the foot

34
Q

OIA of tibialis posticus

A

Origin: Posterior surface of the tibiofibula
Insertion: Proximal end of the astragalus
Action: Extensor or flexor of the foot depending on the position
of the foot

35
Q

OIA of extensor cruris

A

Origin: Distal end of the femur
Insertion: Anterior surface of the proximal half of the tibiofibula
Action: Extensor of the foot

36
Q

OIA of tarsi anterior

A

Origin: Anterior surface of the middle and distal half of
tibiofibula
Insertion: Proximal end of astragalus; fascia of the foot
Action: Flexor of the foot

37
Q

OIA of tibialis anticus

A

Origin: Femur
Insertion: Distal end of the astragalus and calcaneus
Action: Flexor of the foot

38
Q

OIA of scapulohumeralis

A

Origin: Scapula
Insertion: Deltoid ridge
Action: Adducts the forearm

39
Q

OIA of triceps brachii

A

Origin: Base of the scapula; shaft of the humerus
Insertion: Proximal end of the radioulna
Action: Extends the forearm

40
Q

OIA of temporalis

A

Origin: Middorsal line of the skull
Insertion: Posterior region of the mandible
Action: Raises the lower jaw; closes the mouth

41
Q

OIA of depressor mandibulae

A

Origin: Through the tough fascia in the middorsal line
Insertion; Mandible
Action: Depresses the jaw

42
Q

OIA of dorsalis scapulae

A

Origin: Dorsal surface of suprascapula and scapula
Insertion: Lateral side of the humerus
Action: Abducts the arm

43
Q

OIA of cucullaris

A

Origin: Middorsal line
Insertion: Portion of the pectoral girdle
Action: Draws forelimbs upward

44
Q

OIA of latissims dorsi

A

Origin: Lumbodorsal fascia
Insertion: Lateral side of the proximal end of the humerus
Action: Draws the forelimb upward and backward

45
Q

OIA of longissimus dorsi

A

Origin: Anterior third of the urostyle
Insertion: Posterior end of the skull; dorsal surfaces of the
vertebrae
Action: Extends the back; elevates the head

46
Q

OIA of ilio-lumbaris

A

Origin: Anterior part of the ilium
Insertion: Transverse processes of the trunk vertebrae
Action: Bends the back

47
Q

OIA of coccygeo-sacralis

A

Origin: Lateral side of the half of the urostyle
Insertion: Transverse processes of the sacral vertebrae
Action: Draws the back and urostyle nearer to each other

48
Q

OIA of coccygeo-iliacus

A

Origin: Lateral side of the posterior half of the urostyle
Insertion: Ilium
Action: Extends the back; fixes the urostyle with respect to
the pelvic girdle

49
Q

Three heads of triceps femoris

A

Vastus externus- dorsally situated
Rectus femoris (Tensor fascia lata)- medially located
Vastus internus- ventrally located

50
Q

OIA of triceps femoris

A

Origin:
Vastus externus- crest of the ilium
Tensor fascia lata- ventral side of the ilium
Vastus internus- acetabulum

Insertion Front of tibia

Action Draws the hindlimb forward; extends the leg

51
Q

OIA of gluteus

A

Origin: Ilium
Insertion: Proximal end of the femur
Action: Rotates the femur forward

52
Q

OIA of biceps femoris

A

Origin: Posterior part of the ilium
Insertion: Proximal end of the tibiofibula
Action: Flexes the shank

53
Q

OIA of semimemranosus

A

Origin: Posterior part of the ischium
Insertion: proximal end of the tibiofibula
Action: Flexes or extends the shank

54
Q

OIA of pyriformis

A

Origin: Urostyle
Insertion: Femur
Action: Pulls the urostyle to one side; draws the femur dorsally

55
Q

Peroneus OIA

A

Origin: Distal end of the femur
Insertion: Distal end of the tibiofibula; proximal end of calcaneus
Action: Extensor or flexor of the foot

56
Q

for effective contraction, muscles must be arranged in __

A

antagonistic pairs

57
Q

example of antagonistic pairs

A

gastrocnemius and tibialis anticus

58
Q

OIA of geniohyoid

A

O: anterior angle of the lower jaw
I: posterior cornua and thyroid process of the hyoid
A: draws the hyoid forward and upward

LBBBIO8 (8 decks)

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