muscular system Flashcards
types of muscle tissue
three types of muscles
skeletal
cardiac
smooth
types of muscle tissue
skeletal muscle often attaches to
bone and is involved in the movement of bones
types of muscle tissue
skeletal muscle is
striated and very strong
types of muscle tissue
skeletal muscle is the only
voluntary muscle tissue in the body
types of muscle tissue
cardiac muscle can be found in the
heart and is also striated
types of muscle tissue
cardiac muscle cannot be controlled
consciously, making it an involuntary muscle
types of muscle tissue
smooth muscle can be found in the
walls of hallow organs, such as the stomach and intestines;
in the walls of passageways such as blood vessels
and elsewhere throughout the body such as the eyes
the tracts of the reproductive system
and the skin
types of muscle tissue
the weakest of all muscle tissues and is considered an involuntary muscle because it is controlled by the unconscious part of the brain
smooth muscle
structure and function of muscles
most skeletal muscles are attached to bones by a
tendon
structure and function of muscles
tendons are
tough bands of connective tissue that have strong collagen fibers
structure and function of muscles
strong collagen fibers firmly attach the
muscle to the bone
structure and function of muscles
muscles move by
contracting and shortening their length which pulls on the tendons moving one bone closer to another bone that is stationary
structure and function of muscles
skeletal muscles are names based on many factors such as their
location
shape
size
structure and function of muscles
skeletal muscles rarely work
alone but rather often work in groups to produce movements
structure and function of muscles
muscles contain long
myofibrils made of sarcomere units each consisting of long strands of proteins called “actin” and “myosin”
structure and function of muscles
actin
thin filaments
structure and function of muscles
myosin
thick filaments
nerves control muscles in the nervous system
each muscle fiber is connected to a
nerve fiber
nerves control muscles in the nervous system
for the entire muscle to move it takes a
concreted effort by many nerves and fibers and the use of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to power the contraction and relaxtion
nerves control muscles in the nervous system
when a muscle is relaxed
myosin and actin filaments are not attached
nerves control muscles in the nervous system
when the muscles contract the filaments
bind and are pulled together
nerves control muscles in the nervous system
when the brain wants to send a message to a particular part of the body, the nervous system sends a
signal to a muscle
nerves control muscles in the nervous system
actin and myosin proteins in the muscle slide past each other creating either a
contraction or a relaxation of the muscle
these 2 basic motions are responsible for all muscle movement
nerves control muscles in the nervous system
ideally muscles respond to nerve impulses in specific ways.
Receptors in muscles allow them to
receive a signal and respond with the appropriate magnitude and movement.
this signal can be disrupted by disorders ranging from muscle strain to muscular dystrophy
practice problems
which of the following are the thick filaments in a muscle cell?
a. actin
b. myosin
c. myofibrils
d. sarcomere
b. myosin
practice problems
which of the following best describes the role of tendons?
a. they connect muscle to bone
b. they connect bone to bone
c. they connect tendons to muscles
d. they connect cartilage to bone
a. they connect muscle to bone
practice problems
which of the following types of muscle tissue is voluntary?
a. skeletal
b. smooth
c. cardiac
d. nervous
a. skeletal
practice problems
which of the following muscles are located at the shoulder?
a. deltoids
b. pectorals
c. trapezius
d. abdominals
a. deltoids
