female and male reproductive system Flashcards
male reproductive system
the purpose of the male reproductive system is to generate
male gametes (sperm) and deliver them to the female reproductive system
male reproductive system
the components of the male reproductive system include the
penis
vas deferens
urethra
prostate
seminal vesicles
testis (testes)
scrotum
male reproductive system
the testes are the primary
reproductive organs
male reproductive system
within the testes there are lots of
seminiferous tubules in which sperm are produced
male reproductive system
the scrotum is a sac that houses
the testes away from the body to lower their temperature during sperm production
male reproductive system
the lower temp of the scrotum provides the
appropriate environment for sperm to mature
male reproductive system
if the sperm grows at body temp or warmer, the sperm do not
mature properly
male reproductive system
the prostate and seminal vesicles produce fluids necessary for
lubricating and nourishing the sperm
male reproductive system
the vas derfens, the urethra, and the penis form the conduit through which
sperm is ejaculated
male reproductive system
the vas deferens leads to the
urethra which leads sperm outside the body through the penis, which is the male copulatory organ
copulatory: enagage in sexual intercourse
female reproductive system
the female reproductive system’s primary roles include generating
female gametes (ova or eggs)
fertilization (conception)
implantation (start of pregnancy)
gestation (pregnancy)
parturition (birth)
female reproductive system
the components of the female reproductive system include the
ovaries
fallopian tubes (oviducts)
uterus
cervix
vagina
labia minora
labia majora
clitoris
female reproductive system
the labia majora and minora open into the
vagina
female reproductive system
the vagina is a canal that serves as the female
copulatory organ and the birth canal by connecting to the uterus through the cervix
female reproductive system
the fallopian tube connect the ovaries to the
uterus
female reproductive system
in response to changing hormone levels, a
follicle in the ovary matures and releases an egg that then travels down the fallopian tubes to the uterus
female reproductive system
fertilization (conception) which is the fusion of the
egg and sperm, normally occurs in the fallopian tubes
female reproductive system
if a released egg is fertilized by a sperm it is called a
zygote
female reproductive system
zygotes undergoe several divisions into a ball of
cells called a blastocyte and might undergo implantation
female reproductive system
implantation is the process by which a
blastocyst implants itself in the uterine wall (endometrium).
if the blastocystsuccesfully implants in the uterus, the blastocyst develops into an embryo and grows a placenta that allows the smbryonic and maternal blood supplies into the network
female reproductive system
the placenta nourishes and the embryo as it grows into a
fetus and removes wastes
female reproductive system
once the fetus is ready for birth, about
40 weeks after fertilizationm the uterus contracts and the fetus is pushed out through the vagina
relationship between the reproductive system and the endocrine system
hormones are part of the endocrine system and allow for
cell-to-cell communication
relationship between the reproductive system and the endocrine system
cell to cell communication controls
many processes in the reproductive system
relationship between the reproductive system and the endocrine system
puberty is initiated by the production of
gonadotropin-releasing hormone from the hypothalamus which triggers the release of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary gland
relationship between the reproductive system and the endocrine system
in males LH is released and signals the
testes to produce more testosterone
relationship between the reproductive system and the endocrine system
testosterone and FSH stimulate the production of
sperm cells
relationship between the reproductive system and the endocrine system
in females, FSH signals the
ovaries to produce more estrogen
relationship between the reproductive system and the endocrine system
release of estrogen causes some eggs (ova) to mature in the
ovary’s follicles and the uterine endometrium to thicken
relationship between the reproductive system and the endocrine system
a surge of LH from the pituitary causes a developing
egg that is most responsive to the LH surge to be released
relationship between the reproductive system and the endocrine system
the empty mature follicle is now called the
corpus luteum and produces large amounts of progesterone to prepare the endometrium for implantation of the fertilized egg
relationship between the reproductive system and the endocrine system
if implanatation does not occur
the uterine lining sheds
this cycle of maturation and shedding of endometrium is called the menstrual cycle
relationship between the reproductive system and the endocrine system
in males testosterone production is not
cyclical so sperm unlike eggs are constantly produced and mature
relationship between the reproductive system and the endocrine system
reproductive hormones also manage the development of secondary sexual characteristics such as production of
mammary glands
axial and facial hair
fat deposition patterns
muscle growth
practice problems
which of the following organs produce female gametes
a. ovary
b. testes
c. prostate
d. uterus
a. ovary
practive problems
which is the location where fertilization typically takes place
a. vagina
b. penis
c. vas deferens
d. fallopian tubes
d. fallopian tubes
practive problems
which of the following best describes one function of estrogen
a. production of sperm cells
b. maturation of eggs
c. implantation
d. fertilization
b. maturation of eggs
practive problems
which of the following result from the production of LH in males
a. heart growth
b. facial hair growth
c. testosterone production
d. sperm production
b. facial hair growth
c. testosterone production
d. sperm production
