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MUSCULAR SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

tissues with specialized cells that contract

A

MUSCLES

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2
Q

shorten when stimulated

A

MUSCLES

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3
Q

Your body has ———different muscles,

A

600

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4
Q

Muscle tissues are not limited to those found beneath the skin, but also deep within the body as part of the

A

digestive, circulatory and excretory organs.

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5
Q

FUNCTIONS OF MUSCLES

A

Produce movement

Maintain posture

Stabilize joints

Generate hea

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6
Q

Is an organ system which permits movement of the body, maintains posture and circulates blood throughout the body.

A

THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM

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7
Q

Muscles are responsible for all types of body movement

A

THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM

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8
Q

are responsible for all types of body movement

A

Muscles

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9
Q

muscle cell

A

muscle fiber

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10
Q

Muscle cells are

A

elongated

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11
Q

Contraction of muscles is due to the movement of

A

microfilaments

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12
Q

Prefix myo refers to

A

muscle

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13
Q

Prefix mys refers to

A

muscle

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14
Q

Prefix sarco refers to

A

flesh

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15
Q

Cardiac muscle

A

Striated
Involuntary

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16
Q

Skeletal muscle

A

Striated
Voluntary

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17
Q

Smooth muscle

A

Non Striated
Involuntary

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18
Q

Skeletal Muscle Characteristics

A

Most are attached by tendons to bones
Cells are multinucleate
Striated – have visible banding
Voluntary – subject to conscious control
Cells are surrounded and bundled by connective tissue

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19
Q

subject to conscious control

A

Voluntary

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20
Q

have visible banding

A

Striated

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21
Q

around single muscle fiber

A

Endomysium

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22
Q

around a fascicle (bundle) of fibers

A

Perimysium

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23
Q

on the outside of the epimysium

A

Fascia

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24
Q

blends into a connective tissue attachment

A

Epimysium

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25
cord-like structure
Tendon
26
sheet-like structure
Aponeuroses
27
Sites of muscle attachment
BCC Bones Cartilages Connective tissue coverings
28
Smooth Muscle Characteristics
HSSIF Has no striations Spindle-shaped cells Single nucleus Involuntary – no conscious control Found mainly in the walls of hollow organs
29
no conscious control
Involuntary
30
Cardiac Muscle Characteristics
SUJIF Has striations Usually has a single nucleus Joined to another muscle cell at an intercalated disc Involuntary Found only in the heart
31
sterno
sternum
32
deltoid
triangular
33
Trapezius
trapezoid shaped
34
flexor and extensor
flexes or extends a bone
35
Location of the muscle’s origin and insertion
Example: sterno (on the sternuM)
36
Shape of the muscle
Example: deltoid (triangular) •Trapezius (trapezoid shaped)
37
Action of the muscle
Example: flexor and extensor
38
specialized plasma membrane
Sarcolemma
39
specialized smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
40
Bundles of myofilaments
Myofibril
41
are aligned to give distinct bands
Myofibril
42
I band
light band
43
A band
dark band
44
(complex organelle composed of bundles of myofilaments)
Myofibril or fibril
45
Thin
(actin). filament
46
Thick
(myosin) filament
47
Contractile unit of a muscle fiber
Sarcomere
48
Myosin filaments have
HEADS
49
Activation by nerve causes myosin heads (crossbridges) to attach to binding sites on the thin filament
The Sliding Filament Theory of Muscle Contraction
50
Myosin heads then bind to the next site of the thin filament
The Sliding Filament Theory of Muscle Contraction
51
This continued action causes a sliding of the myosin along the actin
The Sliding Filament Theory of Muscle Contraction
52
The result is that the muscle is shortened (contracted)
The Sliding Filament Theory of Muscle Contraction
53
ability to receive and respond to a stimulus
Irritability
54
ability to shorten when an adequate stimulus is received
Contractility
55
Properties of Skeletal Muscle Activity
Irritability Contractility
56
must be stimulated by a nerve to contract
Skeletal muscle
57
One neuron
Motor unit
58
Muscle cells stimulated by that neuron
Motor unit
59
association site of nerve and muscle
Neuromuscular junctions
60
gap between nerve and muscle
Synaptic cleft
61
Nerve and muscle do not make contact
Synaptic cleft
62
Area between nerve and muscle is filled with interstitial fluid
Synaptic cleft
63
A neurotransmitter called————— is released at the end of the motor neuron.
ACETYCHOLINE
64
Nerve Stimulus to Muscles
ACETYCHOLINE diffuses Influx

Biology 2 (11 decks)

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