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Biology 2 > Excretory System > Flashcards

Excretory System Flashcards

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1
Q

For body to function properly, balance in the volume and the composition of its fluids must be achieved at any particular time. This critical function is provided

A

excretory system

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2
Q

composed of the kidneys, the blood vessels linked to them, and the tubules that channel fluid formed within the kidneys out of the body

A

excretory system.

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3
Q

order for cells to stay alive, they must continually intake water and other molecules

A

excretion

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4
Q

The cells would continue to get bigger and bigger if they only took in molecules

A

excretion

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5
Q

The Kidney’s Job

A

Excretion of waste

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6
Q

Breakdown of excess salts and toxins

A

Kidney’s Job

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7
Q

when amino acids are broken down and nitrogen is released

A

Deamination

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8
Q

Filtering urea out of the body

A

Kidney’s Job

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9
Q

includes all the tissues and organs that remove waste from the body

A

excretory system

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10
Q

Excretes water, nitrogenous wastes, and salts

A

Urinary System

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11
Q

Excretes water, nitrogenous wastes, and salts

A

exit the body as urine

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12
Q

Eliminates water, some salts, bile (stomach acid), and indigestible food matter

A

Digestive System

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13
Q

Eliminates water, some salts, bile (stomach acid), and indigestible food matter.

A

materials combine to make fece

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14
Q

Eliminates carbon dioxide and water vapor

A

Respiratory System

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15
Q

Excretes sweat which includes water, salts, and small amounts of nitrogenous wastes

A

Integumentary System

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16
Q

are the major organs of the human excretory system

A

Kidneys

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17
Q

remove waste from the blood, balance the fluids of the body, and form urine

A

Kidneys

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18
Q

It is responsible for filtering blood to remove substances that are no longer needed by the body and to reabsorb the rest of the substances that can be still used

A

Kidneys

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19
Q

Location at your lower back

A

Kidneys

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20
Q

Inside the kidneys are

A

Nephrons

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21
Q

microscopic, coiled sets of tubes with a tiny capillary filled bulb at one end

A

Nephrons

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22
Q

kidney’s basic functional unit which are tiny tubes for excretion

A

Nephrons

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23
Q

Each nephron extends from the outer part of the kidney, called the

A

CORTEX

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24
Q

the inner part, called the of nephron

A

MEDULLA

25
Q

Each kidney contains about

A

one million nephrons

26
Q

contains long coiled tubule

A

Nephron

27
Q

Located at one end of the tubule is the

A

Bowman’s Capsule

28
Q

Bowman’s Capsule surrounds the

A

Glomerulus

29
Q

bowl of capillaries

A

Glomerulus

30
Q

The other ends of the tubule is opens into the collectign ducts that converge in the central cavity of the kidney called

A

Renal Pelvis

31
Q

The nephron’s function is specialized for three important excretory functions

A

Filtration
Re-absorption
Secretion

32
Q

occurs at the junction of the glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule

A

Filtration

33
Q

occurs in the proximal tubule

A

Re-absorption

34
Q

is the U-shaped region of the nephron tubule where the capillary and tubule walls seem to merge as one structure

A

Nephron loop or loop of Henle

35
Q

Additional re-absorption of about 20% occurs in this part

A

Nephron loop or loop of Henle

36
Q

occurs in the distal tubule which extends from the loop of Henle to the collecting duct

A

Secretion

37
Q

Blood enters the kidneys via

A

renal artery

38
Q

Blood exit the kidneys via

A

renal vein

39
Q

kidneys process the blood supply once every

A

3 minutes

40
Q

This means that in an hour, a 5-L volume of blood is passed through your kidneys about

A

20 times

41
Q

is the waste fluid mixture of all the filtered substances

A

URINE

42
Q

Urine is funnelled out of the kidney through the

A

URETER

43
Q

a duct that connects to the urinary bladder

A

URETER

44
Q

like a holding tank that temporarily stores urine

A

URINARY BLADDER

45
Q

The bladder empties through a duct called the

A

URETHRA

46
Q

Urine usually contains the following substances:

A

Urea and uric acid

Salts

Yellow coloring from bile

47
Q

Yellow coloring from bile

A

digestive juices

48
Q

known as electrolytes

A

Salts

49
Q

these contain lots of nitrogen

A

Urea and uric acid

50
Q

Urine should NOT contain the following unless something is WRONG

A

Glucose, Blood

51
Q

sugar is in the urine, this means

A

your cells are not absorbing sugar. That may be a sign of diabetes

52
Q

blood is in the urine

A

there is some type of kidney disease or infection of the urinary system

53
Q

prevents excess water loss from kidneys

A

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

54
Q

inhibits secretion of ADH = more urine volume

A

Alcohol

55
Q

prevents excess loss of sodium and water from kidneys

A

Aldosterone

56
Q

increases rate of salt and water loss from kidneys

A

Caffeine

57
Q

increase rate of water loss from kidneys

A

Increased blood pressure

58
Q

To remove solid and liquid wastes from the blood stream

A

Kidney

59
Q

reach an isotonic equilibrium in the blood.

A

Kidney

Biology 2 (11 decks)

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