Muscular System Flashcards
Frontal Belly
O: Epicranial aponeurosis
I: Skin of eyebrows
A: Raises eyebrows
Occipital Belly
O: occipital bone
I: Epicranial aponeurosis
A: Fixes aponeurosis and pulls scalp posteriorly
Orbicularis oculi
O: Frontal bone
I: eyelid
A: closes eyelid
Zygomaticus major
O: Zygomatic bone
I: Tissue at angle of mouth
A: Raises lateral corners of mouth -> Smiling
Zygomaticus minor
O: Zygomatic bone
I: Tissue at angle of mouth
A: Raises lateral corners of mouth -> Smiling
Orbicularis oris
O: Maxilla and mandible
I: Lips
A: compresses and purses lips, closes lips -> Kiss
Buccinator
O: Maxilla and mandible
I: Orbicularis oris
A: compresses cheek (whistling)
Masseter
O: Zygomatic bone
I: mandible
A: Jaw closure (prime mover)
Temporalis
O: Temporal bone
I: Mandible
A: closes jae, assists masseter
Platysma
O: Chest fascia
I: Mandible
A: tenses skin of neck
Sternocleidomastoid
O: Manubrium of Sternum
I: Mastoid
A: Neck Flexion
Pectoralis Major
O: clavicle, sternum
I: Humerus
A: arm flexion, prime mover
Pectoralis Minor
O: Ribs
I: Coracoid process of scapula
A: Inferior/anterior scapular movement
Serratus Anterior
O: ribs
I: scapula
A: protraction (abduction) of scapula
Deltoid
O: clavicle, acromion of scapula
I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
A: abduction of arm (prime mover)
External intercostals
O: inferior border of above rib
I: superior border of below rib
A: pulls ribs together to elevate (E=elevates)
Internal intercostals
O: superior border of rib below
I: inferior border of rib above
A: pulls ribs together to depress (I=inferior movement)
Diaphragm
O: rib, lumbar vertebrae, sternum
I: central tendon
A: inspiration (bringing in air)
Rectus Abdominis
O: pubic bone (pubis)
I: xiphoid process of sternum
A: flexes & rotates vertebral column
External oblique
O: ribs
I: pubic bone (pubis), ilium
A: compresses abdominal wall
Internal oblique
O: ilium
I: pubic bone (pubis)
A: compresses abdominal wall
Transversus Abdominis
O: ilium
I: pubic bone (pubis)
A: compresses abdominal contents
Trapezius
O: C7 and all Thoracic Vertebrae
I: acromion of scapula
A: raises, rotates, and retracts (adducts) scapula
Latissimus dorsi
O: spinous processes of thoracic/lumbar vertebrae
I: humerus
A: arm extension
Infraspinatus
O: scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
A: lateral arm rotation
Teres minor
O: scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
A: lateral arm rotation
Supraspinatus
O: scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
A: initiates arm abduction
Teres major
O: scapula
I: humerus
A: extends, adducts arm
Rhomboids major
O: spinous process T2-T5
I: scapula
A: stabilizes scapula
Rhomboids minor
O: Spinous processes of C7-T1 vertebrae
I: medial scapula
A: stabilizes scapula
Triceps brachii
O: glenoid cavity of scapula
I: olecranon of ulna
A: extension of forearm
Biceps brachii
O: glenoid cavity of scapula
I: radial tuberosity of radius
A: flexion of forearm
Brachioradialis
O: humerus
I: radial styloid process of radius
A: forearm flexion synergist
Pronator teres
O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: radius
A: pronates forearm (“prone”)
Flexor Carpi radialis
O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: metacarpals
A: flexor/abductor of hand
Palmaris longus
O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: skin of palm (palmar aponeurosis)
A: tenses skin/fascia of palm
Flexor carpi ulnaris
O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: metacarpal and carpals
A: flexes and adducts hand
Extensor carpi radialis longus
O: humerus
I: metacarpals
A: extends and abducts hand
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: metacarpals
A: extends and abducts hand
Supinator
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: radius
A: supinate (“soup”) forearm
Extensor digitorum
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: phalanges
A: finger extension
Extensor carpi ulnaris
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: metacarpals
A: extends and abducts hand
Iliopsoas
O: ilium, sacrum
I: lesser trochanter of femur
A: flex trunk at hip joint, flex thigh
Sartorius
O: ilium
I: tibia
A: flexes thigh
Adductor Magnus
O: ischium, pubis
I: linea aspera of femur
A: flex thigh
Adductor longus
O: pubis
I: linea aspera of femur
A: flex thigh
Rectus Femoris
O: ilium/coxal bones
I: tibial tuberosity of tibia
A: flexes thigh
Vastus lateralis
O: greater trochanter of femur
I: tibial tuberosity of tibia
A: extends leg
Vastus intermedius
O: linea aspera of femur
I: tibial tuberosity of tibia
A: extends leg
Vastus medialis
O: linea aspera of femur
I: tibial tuberosity of tibia
A: extends leg
Tensor fasciae latae
O: ilium
I: iliotibial tract (ends at lateral epicondyle of humerus)
A: steadies trunk
Biceps femoris
O: ischium
I: lateral condyle of tibia
A: extends thigh
Semitendinosus
O: ischium
I: tibia
A: extends thigh
Semimembranosus
O: ischium
I: lateral condyle of tibia
A: extends thigh
Gluteus maximus
O: ilium, sacrum and coccyx
I: femur
A: powerful thigh extensor
Gluteus medius
O: ilium
I: greater trochanter of femur
A: abducts thigh
Tibialis anterior
O: lateral condyle of tibia
I: tarsals and metatarsals
A: dorsiflexion
Extensor digitorum longus
O: fibula
I: phalanges of foot
A: prime mover of toe extension
Gastrocnemius
O: medial & lateral condyles of femur
I: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon!)
A: plantar flexes foot
Soleus
O: tibia
I: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon (achilles tendon!)
A: plantar flexion
Popliteus
O: lateral condyle of femur
I: tibia
A: flexes & rotates leg medially
Tibialis posterior
O: tibia and fibula
I: tarsals
A: prime mover of foot inversion
Flexor digitorum longus
O; Tibia
I; Phalanges of foot
A: flexes toes
Gracilis
O: Pubis
I: Medial condyle of Tibia
A: adducts thigh, flexes leg
Brachialis
O: Humerus
I: Coronoid process of ulna
A: Flexor of forearm
