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BSCI201 > Exam 2: Joint Articulations > Flashcards

Exam 2: Joint Articulations Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three functional classes of joint?

A
  1. Synarthrotic joints -> immovable joints
  2. Amphiarthrotic joints -> slightly movable joints
  3. Diarthrotic joints -> freely movable joints
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2
Q

What are the three structural classes of joints?

A
  1. Fibrous
  2. Cartilaginous
  3. Synovial
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3
Q

Which type of joint has a joint cavity?

A

Synovial joints

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4
Q

Name the three types of fibrous joints.

A
  1. Sutures in the skull (synarthrotic in adults, amphiarthrotic in babies)
  2. Gomphoses located between the teeth and bony alveolar sockets (synarthrotic)
  3. Syndesmoses -> bones connected by interosseous membranes or bones connected by ligaments (synarthrotic)
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5
Q

What are the 6 types of synovial joints?

A
  1. Plane joints
  2. Pivot joints
  3. Saddle joints
  4. Hinge joints
  5. Condyloid joints
  6. Ball-and-socket joints
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6
Q

T/F: All synovial joints are diarthrotic joints.

A

T

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7
Q

Name the class and subtype of joint shown.

A

Fibrous joint -> Suture

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8
Q

Name the class and subtype of joint shown.

A

Fibrous joint -> Syndesmosis

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9
Q

Name the class and subtype of the joint shown.

A

Fibrous joint -> Gomphosis

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10
Q

Which fibrous joints are considered amphiarthrotic?

A
  1. Sutures in a baby skull
  2. syndesmosis joints of bones that are connected by interosseous membranes
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11
Q

Which fibrous joints are considered synarthrotic?

A
  1. Sutures in adult skull
  2. Gomphoses
  3. Syndesmosis joints of bones connected by ligaments
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12
Q

What are the types of carilaginous joints?

A
  1. Synchondroses -> joints with bones connected via hyaline cartilage
  2. Symphyses -> joints with bones connected by fibrocartilage
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13
Q

T/F: Synchondrosis joints are amphiarthrotic.

A

F; They’re synarthrotic

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14
Q

T/F: Symphyses joints are amphiarthrotic

A

T

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15
Q

An epiphyseal plate is an example of a ___ joint.

A

synchondroses (cartilaginous)

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16
Q

An intervertebral disc is an example of a ___ joint.

A

Symphyses (cartilaginous)

17
Q

What are the movements allowed at synovial joints?

A
  1. Gliding: slipping movements
  2. Flexion: decreases angle of a joint
    3/ Extension: Increases angle of a joint
  3. Abduction: moving a limb AWAY from the midline
  4. Adduction: moving a limb TOWARD from the midline
  5. Circumduction: movement
  6. Rotation: movement of a bone around an axis
18
Q

Identify the type of synovial joints; Name the types of movements it allows.

A

Plane joint; Gliding

19
Q

Describe the articulating surfaces of plane joints.

A

both articulating surfaces are flat

20
Q

Describe the articulating surfaces of a hinge joint. Give an example.

A

one articulating surface is cylindrical and the other surface is a trough; elbow and knee joints

21
Q

Describe the articulating surfaces of a pivot joint. Give an example.

A

One is round; one is a sleeve or ring. Radioulnar; ATLANTOAXIAL JOINT (no)

22
Q

What is the joint the allows us to motion ‘no” with our head?

A

Atlantoaxial joint (type of pivot joint)

23
Q

describe the articulating surfaces of a condyloid joint. Give an exampke.

A

one is oval protrusion;other is oval depression; knuckles; atlanto occipital joint

24
Q

What is the joint that allows us to motion “yes” with our head?

A

Atlanto-occipital joint

25
Q

Describe the articulating surfaces of the saddle joint. Give an example.

A

one bone is both convex and concave; other bone has concave and convex surfaces (in reverse); only example is carpometacarpal joint of the thumb

26
Q

Describe the articulating surfaces of a ball and socket joint. Give an example.

A

one is a spherical head; other is a cuplike socket; shoulder joint, hip joint

27
Q

What movements are allowed by hinge joints?

A

Flexion/Extension

28
Q

What movements are allowed by a pivot joint?

A

Rotation

29
Q

What movements are allowed by a condyloid joint?

A

Flexion/Extension, abduction/adduction, circumduction

30
Q

What movements are allowed by a saddle joint?

A

Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction

31
Q

What movements are allowed by a ball and socket joint?

A

All of them, flexion extension, adduction, abduction, rotation, circumduction, gliding

32
Q

Name the 4 structural differences between a child skeleton and an adult skeleton.

A
  1. Metaphyses -> child has epiphyseal plate, adult has epiphyseal lines
  2. Medullary cavity marrow -> child: red, Adult:yellow
  3. Sutures: Amphiarthrotic in child, synarthrotic in adults
  4. Gomphoses -> amphiarthrotic in child, synarthrotic in adults

BSCI201 (11 decks)

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