Muscular Sys. Flashcards

1
Q

Skeletal

A

Vol.

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2
Q

Cardiac

A

Invol.

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3
Q

Smooth

A

Invol.

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4
Q

Myosin

A

Thick filaments

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5
Q

Actin

A

Thin filaments

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6
Q

Ca++ / calcium (What happens when muscles release this)

A

When Ca++ binds to troponin it shifts tropomyosin to expose active sites which allows myosin to bind

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7
Q

What are sarcomeres composed of

A

Z-lines,
Strands of Actin (with tropomyosin and troponin)
Myosin

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8
Q

Myofibril

A

Strand of multiple sarcomeres

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9
Q

Muscle fiber (cell) what is it composed of

A

Myofibrils,
Organelles (specific SR- sarcomeres reticulum Ca++ storage)
Sarcolemma membrane
Endomysiom (covering)

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10
Q

Fascicle

A

Muscle fiber cells covered by perimysium

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11
Q

Muscle

A

Fascicles covered by epimysium …

Covered by Fascia

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12
Q

Fascia

A

Groups muscles with similar jobs together,

Helps perform specific functions, CT, attaches muscles to skin

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13
Q

Tendons

A

Endomysiom, perimysium, and epimysium

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14
Q

NMJ

A

Neuromuscular junction:

Motor neuron, synapse, synaptic cleft, Ach, synaptic bulb, motor end plate, Ach receptors, muscle fiber

DRAW OUT

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15
Q

Transmitter example

A

Ach

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16
Q

Threshold

A

Min. Amount

17
Q

Excitability

A

A muscle cell can be stimulated by a nerve to contract

18
Q

Conductivity

A

The stimulation from the nerve moves quickly along the length of the muscle

19
Q

Contractility

A

A muscle cell can shorten with force, muscles can only pull (not push)

20
Q

Extensibility

A

A muscle cell can be stretched,

Example
Biceps brachii contracts to flex the arm, the triceps brachii needs to stretch to accommodate the motion

Muscles are stretched by the contraction of other muscles

21
Q

Elasticity

A

If a muscle cell is stretched, it will return to it’s original shape

22
Q

Sliding filament theory

A

Muscle contraction involves thick filaments grabbing thin filaments and pulling therm toward the center of the sarcomeres

23
Q

Twitch

A

Contraction of a muscle cell in response to single nerve stimulus
Latent, contraction, relaxation, refractory

24
Q

Tetany

A

Sustained contraction due to repetitive nerve signals

25
Q

Isotonic contraction

A

Push up

Tension in the muscle remains constant as the muscle shortens

26
Q

Isometric contraction

A

Planking,

Tension in the muscle increases, but there is no shortening of the muscle

27
Q

Levers in the human body (most common)

A

Third class levels

28
Q

02 not provided

A

Anaerobic, lactic acid

29
Q

O2 provided

A

Peruvate, H20 and CO2

30
Q

Anaerobic respiration results in …

A

Peruvic acid

31
Q

Slow-twitch fibers

A

Aerobic respiration, do not fatigue quickly

32
Q

Fast twitch fibers

A

Anaerobic respiration and therefore fatigue quickly

33
Q

Sprain

A

Tear in ligament

34
Q

Strain

A

Tear in tendons or muscle tissue

35
Q

Synergists

A

Muscles that have the same action

36
Q

Antagonist

A

Muscles that have opposing action