Muscles of the Pelvic Girdle and Hip Joint Flashcards
Where is the Origin of the Iliacus?
Inside surface of the Ilium
Where is the Insertion of the Iliacus?
Top of the Femur
What muscle does the Iliacus share a tendon with?
The Psoas Major
What joint does the Iliacus cross?
Hip
What is the action of the Iliacus?
Flexes the hip
Where are the Origins of the Psoas Major?
The bodies, transverse processes and intervertebral discs of all lumbar vertebrae and T12
Where is the Insertion of the Psoas Major?
Top of the Femur?
What muscle does the Psoas Major share a tendon with?
Iliacus
What joints does the Psoas Major cross?
Hip and intervertebral joints of lumbar vertebrae
What are the Actions of the Psoas Major?
Origin fixed – flexes the hip. Insertion fixed – pulls on the spine to increase lumbar lordosis. Unilaterally – assists in lateral flexion of the trunk. Stabilises the lumbar spine
Together, what are the Iliacus and Psoas Major better known as?
The Hip Flexors (Iliopsoas)
Where are the Origins of the Gluteus Maximus?
Base of the Spine (Sacrum & Coccyx) and the back of the Ilium
Where are the Insertions of the Gluteus Maximus?
Iliotibial Tract & Femur
What joint does the Gluteus Maximus cross?
Hip
What are the Actions of the Gluteus Maximus?
Extends and laterally rotates the hip
Where is the Origin of the Gluteus Minimus?
Outer surface of the Ilium
Where is the Insertion of the Gluteus Minimus?
Laterally on top of the femur
What joint does the Gluteus Minimus cross?
Hip
What are the Actions of the Gluteus Minimus?
Abducts the hip and assists in turning the thigh inwards (medial rotation). Posterior fibres laterally rotate the hip, when the hip is flexed. It is important in hip stabilisation during the support phase in running/walking and prevents the pelvis dipping and the knees rolling inwards. Fixates the hip.
Where is the Origin of the Gluteus Medius?
Outer surface of the Ilium
Where is the Insertion of the Gluteus Medius?
Laterally on top of the Femur
What joint does the Gluteus Medius cross?
Hip
What are the Actions of the Gluteus Medius?
Abducts the hip and assists in turning the thigh inwards (medial rotation). Posterior fibres laterally rotate the hip, when the hip is flexed. It is important in hip stabilisation during the support phase in running/walking and prevents the pelvis dipping and the knees rolling inwards
Where is the Origin of the Piriformis?
Anterior surface of the Sacrum
Where is the Insertion of the Piriformis?
Top of the Femur (Greater Trochanter)
What joint does the Piriformis cross?
Hip
What are the Actions of the Piriformis?
Abducts the hip. Assists in lateral rotation of the hip (however, with hip flexed, it may assist in medial rotation)
Where is the Origin of the Tensor Fascia Latae?
Crest of Ilium
Where is the Insertion of the Tensor Fascia Latae?
Iliotibial Tract
What joints does the Tensor Fascia Latae cross?
Hip and Knee (via the Iliotibial Tract)
What are the Actions of the Tensor Fascia Latae?
Flexes the hip. Abducts the hip. Medially rotates the hip
Where are the Origins of the Sartorius?
Anteriorly & Laterally on the Iliac spine/crest
Where is the Insertion of the Sartorius?
Tibia (medially)
What joints does the Sartorius cross?
Hip & Knee
What are the Actions of the Sartorius?
Flexion and lateral rotation of the hip and flexion of the knee.
What are the names of each of the three muscles that make up the group called the Adductors?
Adductor Magnus
Adductor Longus
Adductor Brevis
Where is the Origin of the Adductors?
Pubis
Where is the Insertion of the Adductors?
Medial/posterior surface of the femur
What joint do the Adductors cross?
Hip
What is the Action of the Adductors?
Adduct the hip
Where is the Origin of the Pectineus?
Pubis
Where is the Insertion of the Pectineus
Femur
What joint does the Pectineus cross?
Hip
What are the Actions of the Pectineus?
Adducts & Flexes the Hip
Where is the Origin of the Gracilis?
Pubis
Where is the Insertion of the Gracilis?
Top of the Tibia (just below the knee joint)
What joints does the Gracilis cross?
Hip & Knee
What are the Actions of the Gracilis?
Adducts the hip. Assists in knee flexion (helps the hamstrings)
