Carbohydrates and the Glycemic Index

Question 1

What are the two main types of Carbohydrates?

Answer 1

Simple (Sugars)

Complex (Starches)

Question 2

Which type of Carbohydrates have had original properties removed, and make them deficient in fibre, vitamins and minerals?

Answer 2

Refined Carbohydrates

Question 3

Which type of Carbohydrates have had little or no interventions and are a good source of dietary fibre, vitamins and minerals?

Answer 3

Unrefined Carbohydrates

Question 4

Which type of Carbohydrates give a slower more sustained insulin response?

Answer 4

Unrefined Carbohydrates

Question 5

What are the two types of Simple Sugars?

Answer 5

Monosaccharides (Single molecules)

Disaccharides (Two sugar molecules)

Question 6

What are examples of Monosaccharides?

Answer 6

Glucose
Fructose
Galactose

Question 7

What happens to Glucose if the blood sugar is high enough?

Answer 7

Converted to Glycogen

Question 8

How much Glycogen can be stored in the muscles and liver?

Answer 8

400g in Muscles

100g in Liver

Question 9

What happens to the Glycogen if the Liver and Muscles are full?

Answer 9

Can be converted and stored as body fat

Question 10

What are examples of Disaccharides?

Answer 10

Sucrose
Lactose
Maltose

Question 11

What can Insoluble Fibres help to prevent?

Answer 11

Constipation - a condition in which the bowels are opened too infrequently and faeces become dry and hard and difficult and painful to pass.

Haemorrhoids - varicose or inflamed veins in the wall of the anus, the symptoms of which are bleeding and pain.

Diverticulitis - inflammation of diverticula which are sack-like protrusions through the wall of the intestine which usually develop in later life.