Muscles Of The Leg And Foot

Question 1

Tibialis anterior

Answer 1

Origin- lateral tibial condyle, the proximal anterior tibia

Insertion- medial foot- first cuneiform and first metatarsal

Functions-
Dorsiflexes the foot at the ankle joint
Inverts the foot at the subtalar joint

Question 2

Gastrocnemius (of triceps surae group)

Answer 2

Origin- medial and lateral femoral condyles

Insertion- the posterior surface of the calcaneus via the Achilles’ tendon

Functions-
Plantar flexes the foot at the ankle joint
Flexes the leg at the knee joint

Question 3

Soleus (of triceps surae group)

Answer 3

Origin- soleal line of the tibia and the head and proximal 1/3 of the fibula

Insertion-
Posterior surface of the calcaneus via the Achilles’ tendon

Functions-
Plantar flexes the foot at the ankle joint

Question 4

Tibialis posterior

Answer 4

Origin- posterior tibia and fibula

Insertion- navicular tuberosity

Functions-
Plantarflexes the foot at the ankle joint
Inverts the foot at the subtalar joint

Question 5

Peroneus longus (fibularis longus)

Answer 5

Origin- the head and lateral fibula

Insertion- medial foot- the first cuneiform and first metatarsal

Functions-
Everts the foot at the subtalar joint
Plantar flexes the foot at the ankle joint

Question 6

Peroneus brevis (Fibularis brevis )

Answer 6

Origin- distal lateral fibula

Insertion- the lateral side of the base of the fifth metatarsal

Functions-
Everts the foot at the subtalar joint
Plantarflexes the foot at the ankle joint

Question 7

Extensor digitorum longus

Answer 7

Origin- proximal anterior fibula and the lateral tibial condyle

Insertion- dorsal surface of toes 2-5

Functions-
Extends toes 2-5 at the MTP and IP joints
Dorsiflexes the foot at the ankle joint

Question 8

Extensor hallucis longus

Answer 8

Origin- middle anterior fibula

Insertion- dorsal surface of the distal phalanx of the big toe

Functions-
Extends the big toe at the MTP and IP joints
Dorsiflexes the foot at the ankle joint

Question 9

Flexor digitorum longus

Answer 9

Origin- middle posterior tibia

Insertion- the plantar surface of the distal phalanges of toes 2-5

Functions-
Flexes toes 2-5 at the MTP and IP joints
Plantarflexes the foot at the ankle joint
Inverts the foot at the subtalar joint

Question 10

Flexor hallucis longus

Answer 10

Origin- distal posterior fibula

Insertion- plantar surface of the distal phalanx of the big toe

Functions-
Flexes the big toe at the MTP and IP joints
Plantar flexes the foot at the ankle joint
Inverts the foot at the subtalar joint