Muscles of the Gluteal Region

Question 1

What are 2 main ligaments of the gluteal region?

Answer 1

sacrotuberous ligament

sacrospinous ligament

Question 2

What are the 2 sciatic foramina?

Answer 2

Greater/Lesser sciatic foramina

Question 3

What is a main tract found in the gluteal region?

Answer 3

iliotibial tract (IT)

Question 4

What is a major deep, membranous fascia covering the muscles of the thigh?

Answer 4

Fascia Lata

Question 5

What does the sacrotuberous ligament convert the lesser sciatic notch into?

Answer 5

lesser sciatic foramen

Question 6

What does the sacrospinous ligament convert the greater sciatic notch into?

Answer 6

greater sciatic foramen

Question 7

What structures pass through the greater sciatic foramen?

Answer 7

piriformis muscle
sup/inf gluteal vessels/nerves

internal pudendal vessels
pudendal nerve
sciatic nerve
post. femoral cutaneous nerve

nerves to obturator internus and quadratus femoris muscles

Question 8

What structures pass through the lesser sciatic foramen?

Answer 8

tendon of obturator internus
never to obturator internus
internal pudendal vessels
pudendal nerve

Question 9

What structures go through both sciatic foramina?

Answer 9

pudendal nerve
internal pudendal vessels
nerve to obturator internus

Question 10

What muscles insert into the iliotibial tract?

Answer 10

gluteus maximus (75%)
tensor fasciae latae (25%)

Question 11

What does the IT help with?

Answer 11

form the fibrous capsule of the knee joint

maintaining posture and locomotion

Question 12

Of what structure is the IT a thick lateral portion?

Answer 12

fascia lata

Question 13

How many muscles are there in the gluteal region?

Answer 13

9

Question 14

What is the blood supply, innervation and action of the gluteus maximus muscle?

Answer 14

inferior gluteal artery/nerve

extends and rotates thigh laterally

Question 15

Where does the gluteus maximus insert?

Answer 15

gluteal tuberosity, iliotibial tract

Question 16

What is the innervation, blood supply, and action of the gluteus medius muscle?

Answer 16

sup gluteal artery/nerve

ABducts and rotates thigh medially, stabilizes pelvis

Question 17

What is the innervation, blood supply, and action of the gluteus minimus muscle?

Answer 17

sup gluteal artery/nerve

ABducts and rotates thigh medially

Question 18

Where do the gluteus medius and minimus insert?

Answer 18

greater trochanter

Question 19

What is the innervation, blood supply, and action of the tensor fasciae latae?

Answer 19

sup gluteal artery/nerve

flexes, ABducts, and rotates thigh medially

Question 20

Where does the tensor fasciae latae insert?

Answer 20

iliotibial tract

Question 21

What is the innervation, blood supply, and action of the piriformis muscle?

Answer 21

sup gluteal artery
sacral nerve (S1-S2)

rotates thigh laterally

Question 22

Where does the piriformis insert?

Answer 22

upper end of greater trochanter

Question 23

What is the innervation, blood supply, and action of the obturator internus muscle?

Answer 23

sup gluteal artery

nerve to obturator internus

ABducts and rotates thigh laterally

Question 24

Where does the obturator internus insert?

Answer 24

greater trochanter

Question 25

What is the innervation, blood supply, and action of the superior gemellus muscle?

Answer 25

sup gluteal artery
nerve to obturator internus

rotates thigh laterally

Question 26

Where does the superior gemellus insert?

Answer 26

obturator internus tendon

Question 27

What is the innervation, blood supply, and action of the inferior gemellus muscle?

Answer 27

sup gluteal artery
nerve to quadratus femoris

rotates thigh laterally

Question 28

Where does the inferior gemellus insert?

Answer 28

obturator internus tendon

Question 29

What is the innervation, blood supply, and action of the quadratus femoris muscle?

Answer 29

superior gluteal artery
nerve to quadratus femoris

rotates thigh laterally

Question 30

Where does quadratus femoris insert?

Answer 30

intertrochanteric crest