Muscles of the Back Flashcards
Name the two major muscle groups of the back
Intrinsic and extrinsic
What movements are the extrinsic muscles of the back involved in?
Upper limb movements and respiration
Name the muscles of the extrinsic muscle group involved in upper limb movement
- trapezius and latissimus dorsi
- levator scapulae & major and minor rhomboid
Name the muscles of the extrinsic muscle group involved in respiration
serratus posterior & superior
serratus posterior & inferior
What movements are the intrinsic muscles of the back involved in?
maintain posture and control the movement of the vertebral column
Name the intrinsic muscles of the back
superficial, intermediate (erector spinae) and deep muscles
Name the muscles involved in bilateral flexion of the back
Muscles anterior to the spine (Rectus abdominis and psaos major)
Name the muscles involved in extension of the spine
Muscle posterior to the spine (Erector spinae)
Name the muscles involved in rotation of the spine
Muscles with oblique fibre orientation are always associated with rotation
- External oblique
- Internal oblique
- Erector spinae
Name the muscles involved in lateral flexion of the spine
Erector spinae & external and internal obliques
Name the three abdominal wall muscles
- Rectus abdominis
- External oblique
- Internal oblique
What do the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall allow (in terms of movement)
allow interior flexion, lateral flexion and rotation of the trunk
Name the three main abdominal wall muscles
- Illiacus
- Psoas major
- Quadratus lumborum
Name the three columns of the erector spinae muscle
- iliocostalis
- longissimus
- spinalis
What is the function of the erector spinal?
- Extension of vertebral column (bilaterally)
- Lateral flexion of vertebral column (unilaterally)
What causes the dehydration of intervertebral discs and what is the impact of this?
Ageing causes the dehydration of intervertebral disks and reduces the disks ability to absorb shock
What does osteoarthritis cause?
Osteoarthritis causes pain & stiffness of the intervertebral joints
What causes osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis is caused by changed to calcium reabsorption and deposition
What kind of injury is commonly seen in patients with osteoporosis?
Compression fractures which alter the curvature of the spine
