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A&P 231 > Muscles of the Axial Skeleton > Flashcards

Muscles of the Axial Skeleton Flashcards

1
Q

Epicranius Frontalis

A 
Action: Raises eyebrows
Origin: Aponeurosis
Insertion: Skin eyebrows
Innervation: Facial
(forehead, above eyes)
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2
Q

Epicranius Occipitalis

A 
Action: Pulls scalp posterior
Origin: Occipital bone
Insertion: Aponeurosis
Innervation: Facial
(back of head, two strips)
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3
Q

Orbicularis oculi

A 
Action: Close eyelids 
Origin: Frontal and maxillary bones
Insertion: Skin of eyelid
Innervation: Facial
(surrounding each eye)
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4
Q

Risorius

A 
Action: Draws corner of lip laterally
Origin: Fascia of Masseter
Insertion: Skin at angle of mouth
Innervation: Facial
(on cheek, connecting with orbicularis oris)
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5
Q

Orbicularis oris

A 
Action: Close lips
Origin: Maxilla and mandible
Insertion: Skin of mouth
Innervation: Facial
(surrounding lips in a circle around mouth)
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6
Q

Zygomaticus major and minor

A

Action: elevates corners of mouth
Origin: zygomatic bone
Insertion: skin and muscles at corner of mouth
Innervation: facial

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7
Q

Buccinator

A

Action: compress cheek and draws corner of mouth laterally
Origin: molar region of mandible and maxillae
Insertion: orbicularis oris
Innervation: facial
(between zygomaticus major and risorius)

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8
Q

Depressor labii inferioris

A

Action: draws lower lip inferiorly
Origin: body of mandible lateral to midline
Insertion: skin and muscle of lower lip
Innervation: facial

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9
Q

Levator labii superioris

A

Action: elevates upper lip
Origin: zygomatic bone and maxilla
Insertion: skin and muscle of upper lip
Innervation: facial

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10
Q

Depressor anguli oris

A

Action: draws corners of mouth down and lateral
Origin: body of mandible below incisors
Insertion: skin and muscle at angle of mouth
Innervation: facial
(adjacent to depressor labii inferioris, on the side farther away from chin)

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11
Q

Mentalis

A 
Action: protrudes lower lip, and wrinkles chin
Origin: anterior body of mandible
Insertion: skin of chin
Innervation: facial
(chin)
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12
Q

Masseter

A

Action: elevate mandible
Origin: zygomatic arch and maxilla
Insertion: angle and ramus of mandible
Innervation: trigeminal

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13
Q

Temporalis

A 
Action: elevate and retract mandible
Origin: temporal fossa
Insertion: coronoid process of mandible
Innervation: trigeminal
(big muscle on side of head)
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14
Q

Platysma

A

Action: depress mandible, tense skin of neck
Origin: fascia of chest (fascia over deltoid and pectoralis major)
Insertion: lower margin of mandible, skin, muscle at corner of mouth
Innervation: facial

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15
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

Action: flex neck and rotate head toward opposite side
Origin: manubrium and clavicle
Insertion: mastoid process of temporal bone
Innervation: accessory
(right behind ear and down)

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16
Q

Scalene (anterior, middle, and posterior)

A

Action: flex and rotate neck, elevate ribs
Origin: transverse process of cervical vertebrae
Insertion: ribs 1 and 2
Innervation: cervical and brachial plexus (C3-6)

17
Q

Diagastrics anterior

A

Action: elevate hyoid, depress mandible as in open mouth
Origin: lower inner margin of mandible
Insertion: body of hyoid bone
Innervation: trigeminal

18
Q

Diagastrics posterior

A

Action: elevate hyoid, depress mandible as in open mouth
Origin: mastoid process
Insertion: body of hyoid bone
Innervation: facial

19
Q

Stylohyoid

A

Action: elevates and retracts hyoid
Origin: styloid process of temporal bone
Insertion: hyoid bone
Innervation: facial

20
Q

Mylohyoid

A

Action: elevate hyoid bone during swallowing
Origin: inner surface of mandible
Insertion: hyoid bone
Innervation: trigeminal

21
Q

Sternohyoid

A

Action: depresses larynx and hyoid bone
Origin: manubrium and clavicle
Insertion: hyoid bone
Innervation: C1-C3

22
Q

Levator scapulae

A

Action: elevate and adducts scapula
Origin: transverse process of C1-C4
Insertion: scapula medial border above spine
Innervation: C3-4, dorsal scapula
(from top of cervical vertebrae to medial border of scapula)

23
Q

Pectoralis minor

A

Action: elevates upper ribs, moves scapula forward
Origin: ribs 3-5
Insertion: coracoid process
Innervation: pectoral

24
Q

Serratus anterior

A

Action: move scapula forward, rotate scapula laterally
Origin: lateral aspect of ribs 1-8
Insertion: medial border of scapula
Innervation: long thoracic

25
Q

External intercostals

A

Action: elevate rib cage, aid in inspiration
Origin: inferior border of rib above
Insertion: superior border of rib below
Innervation: intercostal

26
Q

Internal intercostals

A

Action: depress rib cage, aid in expiration
Origin: superior border of rib below
Insertion: inferior border of rib above
Innervation: intercostal

27
Q

Diaphragm

A

Action: prime mover of inspiration, flattens when contracts, lengthens thoracic cavity
Origin:
Insertion:
Innervation: phrenic

28
Q

Rectus abdominis

A 
Action: flex and rotate vertebral column
Origin: pubic crest and symphysis
Insertion: xiphoid process and cartilages of ribs 5-7
Innervation: intercostal
(abs)
29
Q

External oblique

A

Action: trunk rotation and lateral flexion; compresses abdomen; depresses ribs
Origin: anterior surface of ribs 5-12
Insertion: pubic crest, pubic tubercle, iliac crest, and linea alba
Innervation: intercostal, iliohypogastric
(just above hip)

30
Q

Internal oblique

A

Action: trunk rotation and lateral flexion; compresses abdomen; depresses ribs
Origin: iliac crest, inguinal ligament, lumbar fascia
Insertion: linea alba, ribs 9-12 (cartilage), pubic crest
Innervation: intercostal; iliohypogastric; ilioinguinal

31
Q

Transversus abdominis

A

Action: compresses abdomen
Origin: iliac crest, cartilages of ribs 6-12, inguinal ligament
Insertion: pubic crest, linea alba
Innervation: intercostal; iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal

32
Q

Trapezius

A

Action: extend neck; raise, rotate, and adduct scapula
Origin: occipital bone, spine of C7, and all thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: acromion and spine of scapula
Innervation: accessory
(between neck and shoulder)

33
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

Action: extend, adduct, medially rotate arm
Origin: T6-L5 spinous processes, ribs 8-12, iliac crest
Insertion: intertubercular groove; humerus
Innervation: thoracodorsal
(lats)

34
Q

Errector Spinae: longissimus, iliocostalis, spinalis

A

Action: as a pair-extend neck and vertebral column; single-bend vertebrae laterally
Origin: transverse process of C7-T12
Insertion: occipital bone and spinous process of cervical vertebrae
Innervation:
(spinalis in center of vertebral column, then longissimus next and between the two other errector spinae, and iliocostalis is farthest laterally)

A&P 231 (9 decks)

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