Articulations Flashcards
What are the structural classifications of joints?
Fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial.
Fibrous joint
No joint cavity, bones held together with collagen fibers.
Cartilaginous joint
No joint cavity, bones held together with cartilage.
Synovial joint
Have a synovial cavity, bones held together with an enclosed capsule and ligaments.
What are the functional classifications of joints?
Synarthroses, amphiarthroses, and diarthroses.
Synarthroses
Immovable joints
Amphiarthroses
Slightly movable joints
Diarthroses
Freely movable joints
Gliding
Waving hand
Flexion
Decreases the angle of the joint; example: bending knee back
Extension
Increases the angle of the joint
Extension of the shoulder
Moving arm toward back
Hyperextension
Moves a joint beyond the usual extended angle
Dorsiflexion
Movement of the ankle, toes toward shin
Plantar flexion
Movement of the ankle, toes pointed down (like standing on toes)
Abduction
Movement of the limb away from the midline of the body
Adduction
Movement of the limb toward the midline of the body
Circumduction
Move hand/arm in circles
Rotation
Movement of a bone around its longitudinal axis; medial and lateral rotation (toward the midline, away from the midline)
Supination
Movement from palms facing posteriorly to anteriorly; palms up (anatomical position); radius and ulna are parallel
Pronation
Movement of palm from palms upward facing to posterior facing, palms down; radius rotates over the ulna
Inversion
Movement of the foot that turns the sole of the foot medially
Eversion
Movement of the foot that turns the sole of the foot laterally
Opposition
Fingers to thumb; OK? position
