Muscles of Gluteal Region: ABductors and Rotators of Thigh

Question 1

Tensor Fasciae Latae

Answer 1

O- Anterior superior iliac spine; anterior part of iliac crest
I- IT band, which attaches to lateral condyle of tibia
N- Superior Gluteal
A- Abduct thigh, Medially Rotate thigh; keep pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight- bearing and advance opposite (unsupported) side during its swing phase

Question 2

Gluteus Maximus

Answer 2

O- Ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line; dorsal surface of sacrum and coaches; sacrotuberous ligament
I- Most fibers end in IT band, which inserts into the lateral condyle of tibia; some fibers insert on gluteal tuberosity
N- Inferior Gluteal- L5, S1, S2
A- Extends thigh (especially from flexed position) and assists in its lateral rotation; steadies thigh and assists in rising from a sitting position

Question 3

Gluteus Medius

Answer 3

O- External surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
I- Lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur
N- Superior Gluteal L4, L5, S1
A- Abduct and medially rotate thigh; keep pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight bearing and advance opposite (unsupported) side during its swing phase

Question 4

Gluteus Minimus

Answer 4

O- External surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
I- Anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur
N- Superior Gluteal L4, L5, S1
A- Abduct and medially rotate thigh; keep pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight bearing and advance opposite (unsupported) side during its swing phase

Question 5

Piriformis

Answer 5

O- Anterior surface of sacrum; sacrotuberous ligament
I- Superior border of greater trochanter of femur
N- Nerve to Piriformis
A- Laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh; steady femoral head in acetabulum

Question 6

Obturator Internus

Answer 6

O- Pelvic surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bone
I- Medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of femur
N- Nerve to Obturator Internis and Gemellus Superior
A- Laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh; steady femoral head in acetabulum

Question 7

Superior Gemellus

Answer 7

O- Ischial Spine
I- Medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of femur
N- Nerve to Obturator Internis and Gemellus Superior
A- Laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh; steady femoral head in acetabulum

Question 8

Inferior Gemellus

Answer 8

O- Ischial Tuberosity
I- Medial surface of greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of femur
N- Nerve to Quadratus Femoris and Inferior Gemellus
A- Laterally rotate extended thigh and abduct flexed thigh; steady femoral head in acetabulum

Question 9

Quadratus Femoris

Answer 9

O- Lateral Border of Ischial Tuberosity
I- Quadrate Tubercle on intertrochanteric crest of femur and area inferior to it
N- Nerve to Quadratus Femoris and Gemellus Inferior
A- Laterally Rotates Thigh, steadies femoral head in acetabulum