Muscles And Coordination

Question 1

In myelinated axons why can ions only be exchanged at the nodes of Ranvier?

Answer 1

Because the remained if the axon is covered by a myelin sheath that prevents ions being exchanged

Question 2

What effect does a myelinated sheath have on the way that the action potential is conducted along the axon?

Answer 2

It moves along in a series Of jumps from one node to the next

Question 3

In myelinated axons what is the name of their type of conduction?

Answer 3

Saltatory conduction

Question 4

Slow twitch fibre affect on the contraction??

Answer 4

Contract slowly and provide less powerful contraction over a long period of time.

Question 5

Slow twitch fibre are adapted for what style of exercise, an example and muscle type??

Answer 5

Adapted for endurance - marathons

**calf muscles which need to contract constantly to keep you upright!

Question 6

In myelinated axon, sodium and potassium ions can only be exchanged at certain points…. That are called?

Answer 6

Nodes of Ranvier

Question 7

Describe skeletal muscle??

Answer 7

Attached to Skelton and moves bones 
⭐️⭐️⭐️
Striated (strippy)
⭐️⭐️⭐️
Under voluntary control (somatic nervous system)

Question 8

Slow twitch muscle fibres are adapted to use aerobic respiration how??

Answer 8

Lots of mitochondria (for respiration)

Lots of capillaries (to bring oxygen and glucose)

Question 9

How are fast twitch muscle fibres adapted to mainly do anaerobic respiration?

Answer 9

Few mitochondria (mostly anaerobic respiration)

Few capillaries (needs less oxygen)

Question 10

A muscle is made of….?

Answer 10

Muscle fibres

Question 11

Muscle fibres are made from….?

Answer 11

Myofibrils

Question 12

Myofobrils are made from??

Answer 12

Actin and myosin protein filaments

Question 13

I band ??

Answer 13

Area of actin only!!

This gets smaller and disappears as the muscle contracts because it mixes with myosin!

Question 14

H Zone??

Answer 14

Area of myosin only

This area gets smaller and disappears as the muscle contracts, because it mixes with actin!!!

Question 15

A band ??

Answer 15

Length of myosin filament - this never changes size

Question 16

Z line??

Answer 16

Where actin filaments join together

The z lines moves closer together as the muscles contract

Question 17

Sacromere???

Answer 17

Distance from one z line to another (this gets smaller as the muscle contracts!!)

Question 18

M line??

Answer 18

Sometimes shown on diagrams down the middle of the H zone where the myosin filaments join together!!!

Question 19

At the start of muscle contraction what provides ATP??

Answer 19

Phosphocreatine

Question 20

Phosphocreatine breaks down in muscles to produce??

Answer 20

Creatine
Inorganic phosphate (Pi)
Energy

Question 21

How does phosphocreatine provide ATP for muscle cells??

Answer 21

It breaks down to energy, Pi, and creatine
✨✨✨
The energy and Pi join with ADP to make ATP.

Question 22

Supply of ATP from phosphocreatine compared to from respiration???

Answer 22

Phosphocreatine is a short therm supply of ATP
✨✨✨
Respiration then provides more ATP