Muscles- ABDOMINAL WALL Flashcards
What are the Main Layers of the Anterolateral Abdominal Wall?
1) SKIN
2) FASCIA
3) MUSCLE
4) PARIETAL PERITONEUM
BELOW THE UMBILICUS- What are the 2 LAYERS OF SUPERFICIAL FASCIA in the ABDOMINAL WALL?
CAMPERS FASCIA
SCARPERS FASCIA
What are the differences between the Campers and Scarpers Fascia?
1) CAMPERS FASCIA- Fatty and Superficial
2) SCARPERS FASCIA- Membraneous and Deeper
Below the INGUINAL LIGAMENT, where does the SCARPER’S FASCIA attach/ Blend in with?
FASCIA LATA
What does the SCARPER’S FASCIA form in the penis?
Superficial Perineal fascia of Colles
How are the Muscles of the Abdominal wall classified?
1) FLAT MUSCLES
2) VERTICAL MUSCLES
What are the FLAT MUSCLES of the Abdominal wall?
1) EXTERNAL OBLIQUE
2) INTERNAL OBLIQUE
3) TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS
Describe the Attachments of the EXTERNAL OBLIQUE
PROXIMAL- Ribs 5-12
DISTAL- Iliac Crest and Pubic Tubercle
What does the Aponeurosis of the External Oblique form?
INGUINAL LIGAMENT
What is the Nerve Supply of the External Oblique Muscle?
-Thoracoabdominal Nerves (T7-T11)
-Subcostal Nerve (T12)
EXTERNAL OBLIQUE MUSCLE
What DIRECTION do the FIBRES of EXTERNAL OBLIQUE TRAVEL?
INFERIOMEDIALLY
(HANDS IN POCKETS)
Describe the Attachments of the INTERNAL OBLIQUE MUSCLE
PROXIMAL- Ribs 10-12
DISTAL- Inguinal Ligament, Iliac Crest
What is the NERVE Supply of the Internal Oblique Muscle?
-Thoracoabdominal Nerves (T7-T11)
-Subcostal Nerve (T12)
INTERNAL OBLIQUE MUSCLE
What DIRECTION do the FIBRES of INTERNAL OBLIQUE TRAVEL?
SUPEROMEDIALLY
Describe the Attachments of the TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINUS?
PROXIMAL- Costal Cartilage of 7-12 ribs
DISTAL- Inguinal Ligament
What is the NERVE Supply of the TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINUS?
-Thoracoabdominal Nerves (T7-T11)
-Subcostal Nerve (T12)
TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINUS
What Layer is found beneath the Transversus Abdominus?
TRANSVERSALIS FASCIA
What are the VERTICAL MUSCLES of the Abdominal Wall?
1) RECTUS ABDOMINIS
2) PYRAMIDALIS
What structure splits the RECTUS ABDOMINIS Muscle?
Linea Alba
What are the attachments of the RECTUS ABDOMINIS Muscle?
PROXIMAL- Costal Cartilage 5-7 Ribs
DISTAL- Pubis
What NERVE Innervates the RECTUS ABDOMINIS MUSCLE?
Thoracoabdominal Nerves (T7-11)
RECTUS ABDOMINIS MUSCLE
What Structure surrounds the RECTUS ABDOMINIS MUSCLE?
RECTUS SHEATH
What structures form the RECTUS SHEATH?
Aponeurosis of:
-TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS
-INTERNAL OBLIQUE
-EXTERNAL OBLIQUE
What Muscles are contained within the Rectus Sheath?
1) RECTUS ABDOMINIS
2) PYRAMIDALIS
Where is the ARCUATE LINE Found?
Halfway between the UMBILICUS and PUBIC CREST
Describe the Anatomy of the RECTUS SHEATH ABOVE THE ARCUATE LINE
-EXTERNAL OBLIQUE APONEUROSIS splits to form the ANTERIOR LAYER OF THE SHEATH
-INTERNAL OBLIQUE APONEUROSIS splits to form the ANTERIOR and POSTERIOR walls of the RECTUS SHEATH
-TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINUS FASCIA forms the POSTERIOR WALL of the RECTUS SHEATH
Describe the Anatomy of the RECTUS SHEATH BELOW the ARCUATE LINE
THE APONEUROSIS OF THE EXTERNAL OBLIQUE, INTERNAL OBLIQUE AND TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINUS ONLY FORM THE ANTERIOR WALL OF THE RECTUS SHEATH
THERE IS NO POSTERIOR WALL OF THE RECTUS SHEATH BELOW THE ARCUATE LINE
RECTUS SHEATH AND ARCUATE LINE
What blood vessels perforate the rectus abdominis at the level of the ARCUATE LINE?
INFERIOR EPIGASTRIC ARTERY
INFERIOR EPIGASTRIC VEIN
Where does the Inferior Epigastric Artery Come from?
EXTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY
Where does the Inferior Epigastric Vein Drain?
EXTERNAL ILIAC VEIN
What is Carnett’s Sign?
- Palpation of the abdomen with abdominal muscles contracted
- If pain is increased…then the source of abdominal pain is likely within the abdominal wall
What Bloods vessel bleeds in a rectus sheath haematoma?
Inferior Epigastric vessels
