ANATOMY- Bladder Flashcards
What structures are ANTERIOR to the Bladder?
Pubic Symphysis
What structures are SUPERIOR to the Bladder?
Sigmoid Colon
Loops of Small bowel
What structures are found POSTERIOR to the Bladder?
MALE- Seminal Vesicle, Vas Deferens
FEMALE- Vagina
What structures are found LATERALLY to the Bladder?
Lavator Ani
Obturator Internus
What is the ARTERIAL Supply of the Bladder?
BRANCHES OF THE INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY
Superior Vesical Artery
Inferior Vesical Artery
What is the VENOUS Supply of the Bladder?
Internal Iliac Vein
What is the Plexus of Santorini?
This is a plexus of veins, which drain the prostate, bladder and penis
This plexus is in communication with INTERNAL VERTEBRAL VENOUS Plexus
Provides a route for BONY METS to the spine in Prostate Cancer
What are the LYMPHATICS of the Bladder?
Iliac Nodes (Internal, External and Common Iliac Nodes)
Describe the HISTOLOGY of the Bladder
EPITHELIUM- Transitional Epithelium
BLADDER DETRUSOR- Inner Longitudinal Layer of Smooth Muscle, Outer Layer of Circular Smooth Muscle, Outer Layer of Longitudinal Smooth Muscle
ADVENTITIA- Arteries, Veins and Nerves
Bladder Histology
How many URETHRAL SPHINCTERS are there and what are they made of?
INTERNAL URETHRAL SPHINCTER- Smooth Muscle (Involuntary)
EXTERNAL URETHRAL SPHINCTER- Striated Muscle (Voluntary)
URETHRAL SPHINCTERS
Describe the Nervous Supply of the Bladder?
PARASYMPHATHETIC- Pelvic Nerve (S2,S3,S4): Contraction of Bladder Smooth Muscle
RELAX the Internal Urethral Sphincter
SYMPHATHETIC- Hypogastric Nerve (T12, L1, L2): Relaxation of the Bladder Smooth Muscle
CONTRACT the Internal Urethral Sphincter
SOMATIC- Pudenal Nerve (S2, S3, S4): External Urethral Sphincter, VOLUNTARY CONTROL OF MICTURITION
What is the Bladder Stretch Reflex? (ONLY RELEVANT IN CHILDREN)
1) Bladder Fills
2) SENSORY FIBERS to the Spinal Cord
3) Interneuron connection to Parasympathetic Fibers
4) BLADDER CONTRACTION and MICTURITION
Bladder Stretch Reflex
