Muscles

Question 1

“Action”

Answer 1

muscle fibers shorten and contract, controlled by nerves

Question 2

Origin

Answer 2

end of the muscle attached to the LEAST movable structure

Question 3

Insertion

Answer 3

end of the muscle attached to the MORE movable structure

Question 4

Cervical Muscles

Answer 4

SCM + Trapezius. Superficial, easily palpated.

Question 5

SCM: action

Answer 5

*bends head side to side, bows the head

Question 6

Trapezius: action

Answer 6

*lifts clavicle + scapula, shrugs shoulders

Question 7

Epicranial

Answer 7

facial muscle. frontal + occipital bellies. *elevated eyebrows (look of surprise)

Question 8

Epicranial aponeurosis

Answer 8

tendon connecting epicranial bellies on top of head

Question 9

Orbicularis Oculi

Answer 9

circles the eye, protects and moistens. *closes eyelid, squinting

Question 10

Corrugator Supercilii

Answer 10

above and deep to Oculi. *draws eyebrow medially + downward

Question 11

Orbicularis Oris

Answer 11

circles the mouth. *creates lip positions, size/shape of mouth, movement during speech

Question 12

Buccinator

Answer 12

anterior part of cheek. *pulls mouth laterally, keeps food on chewing surfaces, “trumpet muscle”, sucking for nursing

Question 13

Risorius

Answer 13

lateral from mouth to platysma+ masseter. *stretches lips, widens mouth

Question 14

Levator Labii Superioris

Answer 14

upper lip to infraorbital rim. *elevates upper lip

Question 15

Levator Labii Alaeque Nasi

Answer 15

upper lip up nose. *elevates upper lip, dilates nostrils, “sneering”

Question 16

Zygomaticus Major

Answer 16

lip to zygomatic bone. *smile

Question 17

Zygomaticus Minor

Answer 17

lip to zygomatic, closer to nose. *elevates upper lip, assists in smiling

Question 18

Levator Anguli Oris

Answer 18

half size of zygomaticus’. *elevates corners of mouth, assists in smiling

Question 19

Depressor Anguli Oris

Answer 19

*lowers corners of mouth, frowning

Question 20

Depressor Labii Inferioris

Answer 20

*lowers lips to expose mandibular incisors

Question 21

Mentalis

Answer 21

midline mandible. *narrows vestible near mand. incisors

Question 22

Platysma

Answer 22

neck. *raises skin of neck, pulls down corners of mouth, “grimacing”

Question 23

Facial Muscle Pathology

Answer 23

[7th Facial Nerve damage] stroke, bells palsy, parotid salivary gland cancer, surgery/trauma