Muscles Flashcards
How many types of muscle are there?
3
What are the names are the 3 types of muscles?
Voluntary/Skeletal/Striated, Involuntary/Smooth and Cardiac
What is the function of voluntary muscle
These are the muscles which we consciously control, these help us to walk when we want to walk and move our arm when we want to move our arm.
What is the function of cardiac muscle
To power the pump action of the heart
What is the function of Involuntary muscle
These muscles work automatically inside of us, for example blinking our eyes
What type of muscle is this description talking about
This type of muscle is one we consciously control, we use it to walk, flex and extend our feet, adduct and abduct our arms.
Voluntary muscle
What is the structure of involuntary muscle?
Smooth
These muscles have spindle shaped cells with no distinct membrane and only one nucleus. Bundles of fibres form the muscles
What is the structure of cardiac muscle?
It is involuntary muscle tissue but its fibres are striated, and each cell only has one nucleus, so in structure it resembles voluntary muscle. Each cell or fibre has a nucleus.
How would you describe the structure of voluntary muscle
Voluntary muscles have cylindrical cells which make up fibres. Each fibre has a nuclei and is surrounded by a sheath. The muscle fibres form bundles and all run in the same direction
What is the definition of ‘tone’ in regard to muscles
The constant slight degree of contraction which gives the body correct posture. Whilst some muscles contract some relax
What is the definition of tension in regard to over contraction
Over stimulation of muscle fibres. More fibres are contracting than necessary to maintain postural tone
Muscle fatigue
When a muscle is stimulate it will need oxygen and fuel for energy, which is mainly glucose, the muscle burns glucose and fats with oxygen from the blood. Muscles that repeatedly contract and relax need lots of oxygen. That is why strenuous exercise causes shortness of breath. The muscle will run out of oxygen and cause a build up of lactic acid which will eventually cause the muscle to stop functioning until oxygen can remove the lactic acid build up.
Muscle makes up how much of a woman’s body weight
23%
What is muscle made out of?
75% Water 20% Protein 5% Fats, Mineral Salts and glycogen
Muscles can be attached by muscle fibres, tendons or other fibrous bands to each other, to bones, skin, cartilage or ligaments.
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