Muscles

Question 1

Definition of antagonist

Answer 1

Whilst the prime mover contracts, this muscle relaxes to allow movement to occur

Question 2

Definition of synergist

Answer 2

Hold the body position so that the prime mover can operate. They stop unwanted movement

Question 3

Definition of fixators

Answer 3

Their role is to stabilise and maintain the correct position for movement to occur

Question 4

Define the origin

Answer 4

Where the muscle attaches to the bone

Question 5

Definition of insertion

Answer 5

Point where muscle attaches to the bone it moves

Question 6

Definition of prime mover (agonist)

Answer 6

Responsible for the action taking place. It contracts, pulling the bone creating movement at a joint

Question 7

What does a trapezius allow you to do?

Answer 7

Abduct at the shoulder

Question 8

What does a bicep allow you to do?

Answer 8

Flex at the elbow

Question 9

What does a tricep allow you to do?

Answer 9

Extend at the elbow

Question 10

What does a deltoid allow you to do?

Answer 10

Rotate at the shoulder

Question 11

What does a pectorals allow you to do?

Answer 11

Abduct at the shoulder

Question 12

What does the abdominals allow you to do?

Answer 12

Flex at the hip

Question 13

What does a quadricep allow you to do?

Answer 13

Extend at the knee

Question 14

What does a latissimus dorsi allow you to do?

Answer 14

Adduct at the shoulder

Question 15

What does a gluteus maximus allow you to do?

Answer 15

Extend at the hip

Question 16

What does a gastrocnemius allow you to do?

Answer 16

Extend at the ankle

Question 17

What does a hamstring allow you to do?

Answer 17

Flex at the knee

Question 18

In the three order levels, define the load

Answer 18

The weight to be moved or resistance

Question 19

In the three order levels, define the force to move the weight

Answer 19

Provided by the effort of the muscles

Question 20

In the three order levels, define the fulcrum ( or pivot point )

Answer 20

The fixed point around which the movement occurs

Question 21

Name the three functions of the three order levels?

Answer 21

Generate more force
Produce a greater range of movement
Increase speed at which the body moves

Question 22

What are the four types of muscle contractions?

Answer 22

Eccentric, concentric, isotonic and isometric

Question 23

Define isotonic contractions

Answer 23

They occur when any part of the body moves, and involves a change in length of the muscles

Question 24

What are the two types of isotonic contractions?

Answer 24

Concentric and eccentric

Question 25

Define a concentric contraction

Answer 25

Occurs when the muscle shortens, for example when you bend your arm upwards

Question 26

Define an eccentric contraction

Answer 26

Occurs when there is a gradual controlled release of a muscle contraction.

Question 27

Define isometric contractions

Answer 27

They don’t change the length of a muscle and don’t cause movement. For example holding an object stationary