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Biology 20-1 > Muscle Tissues and Cells > Flashcards

Muscle Tissues and Cells Flashcards

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1
Q

Appearance, function and Involuntary/Voluntary Smooth Muscle:

A

Long/ tapered, one nucleus, arranged in parallel lines
Walls of blood vessels, direct blood flow, regulate blood pressure
Involuntary

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2
Q

Appearance, function and Involuntary/Voluntary Cardiac Muscle:

A

Tubular and striated, one nucleus
Heart Wall
Involuntary

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3
Q

Appearance, function and Involuntary/Voluntary Skeletal Muscle:

A

Striated/ tubular, long/ tapered, one nuclei
Supports the body, allows bones to move, maintains body temperature
Voluntary

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4
Q

Organization of fibres, description of fibres, description of nuclei Skeletal:

A

Tubular, straight lines
Tubular, striated
On the edge, lots of nuclei

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5
Q

Organization of fibres, description of fibres, description of nuclei Smooth:

A

All go together in a sheet
Tapered
Lots of nuclei everywhere

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6
Q

Organization of fibres, description of fibres, description of nuclei Cardiac:

A

Sort of in tubes - branches
Striations
1 nuclei in the center of the cell

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7
Q

How muscle cells are organized

A

Muscle-Muscle fibre bundle (group of cells)- Muscle fibre (Single Cell)- Myofibrils (Inside Cells)- Myofilaments

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8
Q

Description and Function: Muscle Fibre

A

Single cell muscle

Muscle contractions

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9
Q

Description and Function: Myoglobin

A

Pigment that binds oxygen

Stores oxygen for use during muscle contraction

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10
Q

Description and Function: Sarcolemma

A

Membrans od muscle fibre

Surrounds the muscle fibre and regulates entry and exit of materials

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11
Q

Description and Function: Sarcoplasm

A

Cytoplasm of muscle fibre

Site of metabolic processes for normal cell activity. Contains glycogen

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12
Q

Description and Function: Sarcoplasm Reticulum

A

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Stores calcium ions needed for muscle contraction

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13
Q

Description and Function: Myofibrils

A

Organized bundles of myofilaments

Myofilaments that are responsible for muscle contraction

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14
Q

Description and Function: Thick Filament

A

Myofilament composed of bundles of myosin protein

Binds to actin and causes muscle contraction

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15
Q

Description and Function: Thin Filament

A

Fine myofilament composed of strands of protein called actin

Binds to myosin

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16
Q

What is the role of calcium?

A

It binds to troponin and opens the binding site

17
Q

What is the purpose of tropomyosin?

A

It inhibits myosin binding

18
Q

Why is troponin needed to get your muscles to contract?

A

Because it exposes the binding site of actin where the heads can bind - contraction.

19
Q

Describe the role of calcium in Contraction

A 
oooooooooTTTTToooooooooo 
                   tttt
                  CCCC
o=Actin filament         t= Troponin
T= Tropomysin           C= Calcium
20
Q

What is the order regarding the movement of actin and myosin.

A
  1. The myosin head is attached to actin
  2. The myosin head flexes, advancing the actin filament
  3. The myosin head releases and unflexes, powered by ATP
  4. The myosin reattaches to actin farther along the fibre.
21
Q

Energy sources to form ATP are:

A

Creatine Phosphate, Aerobic Cellular Respiration, Fermentation

22
Q

Anaerobic/ Aerobic, Site, Reactants, Products, amount of ATP produced: Creatine Phosphate

A

Anaerobic, sliding filaments, creatine phosphate, ATP & Creatine, 8 sec

23
Q

Anaerobic/ Aerobic, Site, Reactants, Products, amount of ATP produced: Aerobic Cellular Respiration

A

Aerobic, Mitochondria, Glucose & Oxygen, CO2 Water & ATP, 38

24
Q

Anaerobic/ Aerobic, Site, Reactants, Products, amount of ATP produced: Fermentation

A

Anaerobic, cytoplasm (sarcoplasm), Glucose ADP, Lactate ATP, 2

Biology 20-1 (7 decks)

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