muscle tissue

Question 1

What are the differences between fast and slow twitch muscle fibers?

Answer 1

Slow twitch fibers are for endurance, contract slowly, and rely on aerobic respiration, while fast twitch fibers are for strength, contract quickly, and rely on anaerobic respiration.

Question 2

Explain the sliding filament model of muscle contraction.

Answer 2

Myosin heads bind to actin filaments, forming cross-bridges, and then pull the actin filaments inward, shortening the sarcomere.

Question 3

Why is calcium important for muscle contraction?

Answer 3

Calcium binds to troponin, causing tropomyosin to reveal binding sites on actin for myosin.

Question 4

How does ATP contribute to muscle contraction?

Answer 4

ATP provides the energy for myosin to detach from actin and reset for another contraction cycle.

Question 5

What are antagonistic muscle pairs?

Answer 5

Pairs of muscles where one contracts while the other relaxes, e.g., biceps and triceps.

Question 6

What is myogenesis?

Answer 6

The formation of muscle tissue during embryonic development through the fusion of myoblasts.

Question 7

Name the three types of muscle tissue and their characteristics.

Answer 7

Skeletal (striated, voluntary), cardiac (striated, involuntary, myogenic), and smooth (non-striated, involuntary).

Question 8

How do muscle fibers adapt to aerobic and anaerobic activities?

Answer 8

Aerobic activity increases mitochondria and capillary density; anaerobic activity increases glycogen stores and fast-twitch fibers.