Muscle Metabolism Flashcards
What are the 3 main mechanisms by which muscles produce ATP?
Creatine kinase, anaerobic glycosis, and aerobic metabolism pathways
How does Creatine Kinase convert ADP into ATP?
By converting phosphocreatine to creatine
In what ways do Ca2+ and AMP increase muscle glycolysis?
Allosteric activation of Glycogen Phosphorylase, inducing GLUT4 vesicle to bind to the EC membrane, and activation of PFK-1 (RLS in glycolysis)
What susbtrates can be used by aerobic metabolism?
fatty acids, glucose, and amino acids
What is a VO2 max?
the maximum amount of oxygen/kg BW that can be used per minute of physical activity
What is the RQ value pertaining to metabolism?
the volume of CO2 produced per volume of O2
What is rhabdomyolysis?
Severe breakdown of muscle fibers
What are clinical presentations of rhabdomyolysis?
myoglobin release (causes red urine) and high levels of creatine kinase in the blood
What inborn errors of metabolism could increase the liklihood of rhabdomyolysis?
muscle glycogen phosphorylase deficiency, PFK-1 deficiency, fatty acid oxidation deficiency, or a mitochondrial mutation
What are clinical markers for fatty acid oxidation defects?
fasting hypoketotic hypoglycemia, with high levels of fatty acyl carnitine in the blood
What are clinical markers for glycogen storage diseases?
hypoglycemia (liver) or rapid muscle fatigue (muscular)
What are clinical markers for a lipoprotein lipase deficiency?
hypertriglyceridemia, abdominal pain, pancreatitis, eruptive xanthomas, and hepatosplenomegaly
What are clinical markers for a mitochondrial DNA mutation?
Elevated levels of lactate in the blood or CSF; most affected tissues would be neuronal, or muscle/heart
