Brain

Question 1

Where is the only place where arachnoid granulations are found?

Answer 1

The superior sagittal sinus

Question 2

If the cerebral aqueduct is blocked, which ventricles are likely to increase in pressure?

Answer 2

The lateral and third ventricles

Question 3

Rupturing of the middle meningeal artery would lead to what kind of hemorrhage?

Answer 3

Epidural hemorrhage

Question 4

Will epidural hemorrhages spread past the sutures of the skull?

Answer 4

No

Question 5

What is the role of a bridging cerebral vein?

Answer 5

Transport blood from brain parenchyma to a dural venous sinus

Question 6

Tearing of what kind of vein can cause a subdural hemorrhage?

Answer 6

Bridging cerebral vein

Question 7

An epidural hemorrhage would represent a fast or a slow bleed?

Answer 7

Fast

Question 8

What type of cerebral hemorrhage will represent a crescent moon shape on a CT scan?

Answer 8

Subdural hemorrhage

Question 9

Which arteries are located in the arachnoid space?

Question 10

A berry aneurism is most like to cause a bleed where?

Answer 10

The subarachnoid space

Question 11

What structures are separated by the falx cerebelli?

Answer 11

the two cerebellar lobes

Question 12

What structures are separated by the tentorium cerebelli?

Answer 12

the cerebellum and the occiptal lobes

Question 13

In what two significant ways are dural venous sinuses not similar to veins?

Answer 13

DVS lack valves and a tunica media

Question 14

The cavernous sinus is located on each side of what cranial structure?

Answer 14

sella turcica (pituitary gland)

Question 15

Into what structure do all dural venous sinuses eventually drain?

Answer 15

the internal jugular vein

Question 16

What fluid fills the subarachnoid space?

Answer 16

CSF

Question 17

What connects the lateral ventricles and the third ventricle?

Answer 17

the interventricular foramen

Question 18

Through what structure does CSF enter the subarachnoid space?

Answer 18

the median and lateral apertures

Question 19

In what ventricle of the brain is the lateral aperture found?

Answer 19

the fourth ventricle

Question 20

Through what different sinuses does venous blood in the superior sagittal sinus pass to reach the IJV?

Answer 20

the confluence of sinuses -> tranverse sinus -> sigmoid sinus -> IJV

Question 21

Through what different sinuses does venous blood from the opthalmic veins pass to reach the IJV?

Answer 21

cavernous sinus -> superior & inferior petrosal sinuses -> sigmoid sinus -> IJV

Question 22

What types of cell junctions would be expected between endothelial cells at the blood brain barrier?

Answer 22

tight junctions (also adherens)

Question 23

What types of neural cells are important to mainting the blood-brain barrier?

Answer 23

pericytes and astrocytes

Question 24

A blow to the skull near the pterion that ruptures the middle meningeal artery would cause what type of hemorrhage?

Answer 24

an epi-dural hemorrhage

Question 25

What is the typical location of a berry aneurysm?

Answer 25

around the circle of Willis

Question 26

An underlying defect in the tunica media of a cerebral vessel is likely to cause what kind of aneurysm?

Answer 26

berry aneurysm

Question 27

What is a hemorrhagic stroke?

Answer 27

brain damage resulting from a hemorrhage and blood pooling down stream

Question 28

What is an ischemic stroke?

Answer 28

blood clot occlusion of cerebral arteries causes ischemic brain damage