Brain Flashcards
Where is the only place where arachnoid granulations are found?
The superior sagittal sinus
If the cerebral aqueduct is blocked, which ventricles are likely to increase in pressure?
The lateral and third ventricles
Rupturing of the middle meningeal artery would lead to what kind of hemorrhage?
Epidural hemorrhage
Will epidural hemorrhages spread past the sutures of the skull?
No
What is the role of a bridging cerebral vein?
Transport blood from brain parenchyma to a dural venous sinus
Tearing of what kind of vein can cause a subdural hemorrhage?
Bridging cerebral vein
An epidural hemorrhage would represent a fast or a slow bleed?
Fast
What type of cerebral hemorrhage will represent a crescent moon shape on a CT scan?
Subdural hemorrhage
Which arteries are located in the arachnoid space?
A berry aneurism is most like to cause a bleed where?
The subarachnoid space
What structures are separated by the falx cerebelli?
the two cerebellar lobes
What structures are separated by the tentorium cerebelli?
the cerebellum and the occiptal lobes
In what two significant ways are dural venous sinuses not similar to veins?
DVS lack valves and a tunica media
The cavernous sinus is located on each side of what cranial structure?
sella turcica (pituitary gland)
Into what structure do all dural venous sinuses eventually drain?
the internal jugular vein
What fluid fills the subarachnoid space?
CSF
What connects the lateral ventricles and the third ventricle?
the interventricular foramen
Through what structure does CSF enter the subarachnoid space?
the median and lateral apertures
In what ventricle of the brain is the lateral aperture found?
the fourth ventricle
Through what different sinuses does venous blood in the superior sagittal sinus pass to reach the IJV?
the confluence of sinuses -> tranverse sinus -> sigmoid sinus -> IJV
Through what different sinuses does venous blood from the opthalmic veins pass to reach the IJV?
cavernous sinus -> superior & inferior petrosal sinuses -> sigmoid sinus -> IJV
What types of cell junctions would be expected between endothelial cells at the blood brain barrier?
tight junctions (also adherens)
What types of neural cells are important to mainting the blood-brain barrier?
pericytes and astrocytes
A blow to the skull near the pterion that ruptures the middle meningeal artery would cause what type of hemorrhage?
an epi-dural hemorrhage
What is the typical location of a berry aneurysm?
around the circle of Willis
An underlying defect in the tunica media of a cerebral vessel is likely to cause what kind of aneurysm?
berry aneurysm
What is a hemorrhagic stroke?
brain damage resulting from a hemorrhage and blood pooling down stream
What is an ischemic stroke?
blood clot occlusion of cerebral arteries causes ischemic brain damage
