Muscle Fitness and Adaptation to Exercise Flashcards
Muscular fitness encompasses:
muscular strength, endurance and flexibility
How does hypertrophy occur?
- overload degrades proteins
- so protein synthesis is stimulated resulting in inc size/amount of contractile elements
How does hyperplasia occur?
overload stimulates proliferation of myocytes from satellite cells–little evidence for resistance
Functional result of inc muscle mass
inc force generation
Functional result of inc CSA (cross sectional area)
inc contractile capacity
Functional result of inc type II fiber area
inc strength (selective recruitment)
Functional result of inc intracellular lipid content
inc metabolic capacity
Functional result of inc ATP utilization rate
inc max contraction capacity
Functional result of inc motor unit firing rate
inc rate of force development
Functional result of inc motor unit recruitment
inc force production and duration
Functional result of inc motor unit synchronization
inc force production and efficiency
Functional result of inc reflex facilitation
inc rate of force development
Functional result of inc coordination of antagonist muscles
inc efficiency of force application
Functional result of inhibition of golgi tendon organs
disinhibits max contraction
What is the stretch-shortening cycle?
stretch creates potential energy that can enhance force produced by contractile elements
What factors drive adaptation?
overload, specificity, reversibility, individuality
What are effects of immobilization?
- dec protein synthesis=loss mass and contractile units
- type I atrophy fastest=shift to fast fiber type
When does muscle mass peak occur?
between 25-30yrs
High load, low rep training results in:
- inc volume of contractile proteins
- shift from IIB to IIa and I
Aerobic training increases the ___ capacity of all fiber types.
oxidative
