Muscle disease and vasculitis

Question 1

what muscle disease is characterised by weakness

Answer 1

inflammatory myopathies - polymyositis and dermatomyositis

Question 2

what muscle disease is characterised by pain and stiffness

Answer 2

polymyalgia rheumatics

Question 3

what muscle disease is characterised by pain and fatigue

Answer 3

fibromyalgia

Question 4

polymyositis and dermatomyositis affect proximal/distal muscles on the extremities

Answer 4

proximal

Question 5

who is more likely to get polymyositis and dermatomyositis

Answer 5

women and middle age

Question 6

dermatomyositis/polymyositis has an increased risk of malignancy

Answer 6

both do, dermatomyositis is more elevated risk

Question 7

what cancers are common in dermamyositis/polymyositis

Answer 7

ovarian
breast
stomach
colon 
lung 
bladder`

Question 8

in who is cancer most likely in dermamyositis/polymyositis

Answer 8

men over 45

Question 9

what is gottron’s sign

Answer 9

reddish, purputic rash on MCP/DIP, dorsal hand

Question 10

what is a heliotrope rash

Answer 10

reddish, purputic rash around eyes

Question 11

what is a shawl sign

Answer 11

reddish, purputic rash on chest on upper back

Question 12

what is confrontational testing

Answer 12

testing that applies force to muscle group to test strength

Question 13

what is isotonic testing

Answer 13

testing for muscle fatigue, 30s how fast can you stand/sit

Question 14

what antibodies are present in polymyositis

Answer 14

ANA

anti-Jo-1

Question 15

what may electromyography see on dermatomyositis/polymyositis

Answer 15

increased fibrillation

abnormal motor potentials

Question 16

what would a muscle biopsy see in dermatomyositis/polymyositis

Answer 16

perivascular inflammation and muscle necrosis

Question 17

what would a muscle MRI see in dermatomyositis/polymyositis

Answer 17

muscle inflammation, oedema, fibrosis, calcification

Question 18

what is polymyalgia rheumatica associated with

Answer 18

temportal/giant cell arteritis

Question 19

polymyalgia rheumatica affects proximal/distal muscles

Answer 19

proximal

Question 20

fibromyalgia affects proximal/distal muscles

Answer 20

proximal

Question 21

who is fibromyalgia more common in

Answer 21

women, age 20-50

more common with emotional/physical trauma

Question 22

tender points of fibralgia

Answer 22

upper back/shoulder 
base of neck
elbow 
knee
hip 
chest

Question 23

true/false - analgesics work effectively in fibromyalgia

Answer 23

false - they can in high doses but avoid opiods at all costs. SSRI or tricyclic antidepressants may work to relieve pain

Question 24

what is vasculitis

Answer 24

inflammation of the blood vessels

Question 25

what is primary vasculitis

Answer 25

inflammatory response targeting vessel walls

Question 26

what is secondary vasculitis

Answer 26

vasculitis triggered by infection, drug, toxin or inflammatory disorder/malignancy

Question 27

takayasu vasculitis is large/small vessel and who does it affect

Answer 27

large | <40 and females

Question 28

who does giant cell arthritis affect, where is it more common and what is a complication

Answer 28

over 50, polymyalgia rheumatica temporal arteries vision loss, temporary or permanent

Question 29

treatment duration for giant cell arteritis?

Answer 29

18-24 months

Question 30

EGPA is more commonly known as?

Answer 30

churg-strauss syndrome

Question 31

GPA is characterised by and is more common in who

Answer 31

granulomatous inflammation | 30-50 and men

Question 32

what does EGPA have in addition to the presentation to GPA

Answer 32

high serum eosinophils | late presentation of asthma

Question 33

complication of microscopic polyangiitis

Answer 33

renal failure

Question 34

what immunoglobulin mediates henoch-schonlein purpura and where/who is it more commno in

Answer 34

IgA skin, GI tract, kidneys, joints, lungs and CNS children, preceding URTI, GI infection,pharyngeal infection

Question 35

what is cANCA associated with

Answer 35

GPA

Question 36

what is pANCA associated with

Answer 36

EGPA and MPA

Question 37

what is more sensitive than cANCA

Answer 37

PR3

Question 38

what is more sensitive than pANCA

Answer 38

MPO

Question 39

true/false - c/pANCA is used to monitor disease progression

Answer 39

true