Histology Flashcards

1
Q

what is the sarcolemma

A

muscle cells cell membrane

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2
Q

what is a fascicle

A

group of muscle fibres, muscle contains several of them

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3
Q

what is the epimysium

A

connective tissue surrounding entire muscle

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4
Q

what is the perimysium

A

connective tissue surrounding the fascicle

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5
Q

what is the endomysium

A

connective tissue covering one muscle fibre

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6
Q

what is a motor unit

A

one motor neuron and all muscle fibres it supplies

branches at muscle fibre NMJ

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7
Q

characteristics of type I muscle fibre

A

slow to contract
oxidative metabolism
fatigue resistant

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8
Q

characteristics of type II muscle fibre

A

fast contracting but still resistant to fatigue by oxidative metabolism

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9
Q

characteristics of IIB muscle fibre

A

anaerobic metabolism

fatigue easy but produce greater force

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10
Q

characteristics of cartilage

A

semi rigid
deformable
avascular
nutrition by diffusion through ECM

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11
Q

where are chondrocytes found and what do they do

A

lacuna in ECM

maintain ECM and have secretory function

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12
Q

most of cartilage ECM made up of?

A

water

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13
Q

besides water, what else is found in cartilage

A

proteoglycans

type II collagen

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14
Q

types of cartilage

A

hyaline
elastic
fibrocartilage

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15
Q

characteristics of bone

A

rigid

non-permeable

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16
Q

function of bone

A
support 
lever for movement 
organ protection 
calcium storage 
haemopoiesis
17
Q

what is the diaphysis and what is it made up of

A

shaft of bone

cortical

18
Q

what is the epiphisis and what is it made up of

A

cancellous/trabecular bone

head of bone

19
Q

what is a haversian canal and where is it found

A

canal in cortical bone containing an osteocyte

20
Q

what is an osteoprogenitor cell

A

cell found on bone surface, reserve osteoblast

21
Q

what is an osteoblast

A

bone forming, secretes collagen, osteoid and proteoglycan that becomes mineralised

22
Q

what is an osteocyte

A

osteoblast trapped in bone matrix

23
Q

what is an osteoclast

A

cell responsible for bone resorption

24
Q

describe the process of remodelling

A

osteoclasts drill into bone and form tunnel
vessels grow with drilled hole and osteoblasts lay down new lamellar one
continues until haversian canal formed

25
what is woven bone
collagen fibres deposited in haphazard way following heal from break not as strong as lamellar bone and remodelled subsequently