Muscle Activity in Gait Flashcards
key roles of hip extensors
activated in terminal swing prior to initial contact to initiate hip ext and prepare LE for weight acceptance at the beginning of stance
key role of hip flexors
advance LE forward during initial swing and lift LE to allow for toe clearance during swing
key role of hip abductors
control the slight lowering of the contralateral pelvis on the side of the swing limb then provide pelvic stability in stance
key role of hip adductors
assist with initiation of hip flexion after toe off
key role of knee extensors
eccentrically control knee flexion in loading response then act concentrically to extend the knee and support body in midstance
key role of knee flexors
decelerate knee extension in preparation for placement of the foot on the ground
key role of ankle DF
eccentric activation to control PF of the ankle at initial contact until foot comes in contact with the ground
key role of ankle PF
eccentric contraction moving into midstance to control tibial advancement
concentric contraction at terminal stance to propel forward
key role of ankle invertors
eccentrically contract to control pronation until midstance then concentrically contracts to supinate the foot for push off in terminal stance/preswing
key role of ankle evertors
active as co-contraction to counter strong inversion effect occurring during loading response to midstance
foot force
force applied to the ground by the foot
ground reaction force
force applied to the foot by the ground
center of pressure
point where all the floor-foot forces act
come together - change as you’re walking
muscle activation in the sagittal plane during initial contact: hip
hip: extensors contract concentrically
muscle activation in the sagittal plane during initial contact: knee
knee: eccentric flexor contraction to counteract extension torque
extensors transition from concentric to eccentric contraction in preparation for loading response
muscle activation in the sagittal plane during initial contact: ankle
ankle: DF contract concentrically
muscle activation in the sagittal plane during loading response: hip
concentric contraction of extensors
muscle activation in the sagittal plane during loading response: knee
eccentric contraction of knee extensors
muscle activation in the sagittal plane during loading response: ankle
eccentric contraction of DF –> transition to eccentric contraction of ankle PF in late LR
muscle activation in the sagittal plane during mid stance: hip
little hip activity
muscle activation in the sagittal plane during mid stance: knee
eccentric contraction of knee extensors in beginning of mid stance with transition to concentric contraction of knee extensors by the end of mid stance phase
muscle activation in the sagittal plane during mid stance: ankle
eccentric contraction of ankle PF
muscle activation in the sagittal plane during terminal stance: hip
minimal activity
some activation of anterior fiber of TFL to possible restrain hyperextension of the hip
muscle activation in the sagittal plane during terminal stance: knee
no knee extensor activity
tibial position maintained by gastroc
muscle activation in the sagittal plane during terminal stance: ankle
concentric contraction of ankle PF to prevent tibial collapse with heel rise
muscle activation in the sagittal plane during pre-swing: hip
concentric contraction of hip flexors
muscle activation in the sagittal plane during pre-swing: knee
flexion is mainly passive
minimal concentric contraction of knee flexors
muscle activation in the sagittal plane during pre-swing: ankle
ankle PF activity ceases in early preswing and passive tension contributes to ankle moving into PF
ankle DF concentric contraction initiated at the end of pre swing phase
muscle activation in the sagittal plane during initial swing: hip
continued concentric contraction of hip flexors
muscle activation in the sagittal plane during initial swing: knee
concentric contraction of knee flexors
flexion continues to be aided by flexion at the hip
muscle activation in the sagittal plane during initial swing: ankle
concentric contraction of ankle DF
muscle activation in the sagittal plane during mid swing: hip
continued concentric contraction of hip flexors
initiation of eccentric hip extensors to control hip flexion
muscle activation in the sagittal plane during mid swing: knee
knee extension created by momentum
knee flexors contract eccentrically at the end of the mid swing phase to control extension
muscle activation in the sagittal plane during mid swing: ankle
continued concentric contraction of DF
muscle activation in the sagittal plane during terminal swing: hip
concentric contraction of hip extensors
muscle activation in the sagittal plane during terminal swing: knee
concentric contraction of knee extensors to insure full extension
peak knee flexor eccentric contraction to decelerate thigh
muscle activation in the sagittal plane during terminal swing: ankle
continued concentric contraction of DF
muscle activation in the frontal plane during loading response: hip
abductors contract eccentrically
muscle activation in the frontal plane during loading response: ankle
invertors contract eccentrically
muscle activation in the frontal plane during midstance: hip
abductors contract eccentrically then concentrically
muscle activation in the frontal plane during midstance: ankle
invertors contract eccentrically
muscle activation in the frontal plane during terminal stance and pre swing: hip
abductors contract concentrically
muscle activation in the frontal plane during terminal stance and pre swing: ankle
invertors contract concentrically
muscle activation in the frontal plane during initial, mid and terminal swing: hip
adductor contract concentrically
muscle activation in the frontal plane during initial, mid, terminal swing: ankle
evertors contract concentrically
