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Foundations Of Medicine > Muscle > Flashcards

Muscle Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 types of muscle

A

Smooth, cardiac, skeletal

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2
Q

How can you class the 3 types of muscle

A

Striated = skeletal and cardiac

Smooth

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3
Q

What is the basic unit of skeletal unit

A

Myofibril

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4
Q

Within a myofibril, what is the basic repeating unit

A

Sarcomere

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5
Q

The H zone is the distance between actin filament and the I band is the distance between myosin filament, true or false

A

True

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6
Q

What is the A band

A

Length of the myosin filament

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7
Q

What bands/ zone decreases during contraction

A

H zone, I band

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8
Q

Why is ATP used in cross bridge head

A

Ensures you can relax and provides energy

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9
Q

How does Ca regulate muscle contraction

A

Ca binds to troponin which removes the block on trypomyosin

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10
Q

What stores intracellular calcium

A

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

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11
Q

What are the tubules called which go deep into the muscle

A

Transverse

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12
Q

What are the receptors which causes small trickle of calcium in skeletal muscle

A

DHP

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13
Q

How is calcium removed to go back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum in the skeletal muscle

A

Ca ATPases

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14
Q

Motor units creates redundancy of control, what is the benefit of this

A

If I fails loose a bit of function but can be compensated

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15
Q

What is the difference between isometric (pushing weights)and isotonic contraction (planks)

A

1- longer latency period in isotonic

2- longer contraction time in isotonic

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16
Q

What is optimal length in sketch muscle

A

That is the length of the muscle for the greatest isometric tension

17
Q

What are the factors which effect muscle fatigue

A

Fibre type, length and fitness of the person

18
Q

What are the mechanisms which causes a muscle fatigue

A

Conduction failure due to potassium increase leading to depolarisation
Increase in lactic acid causing acidity of proteins
Increase in ADP Pi inhibits X bridge cycle

19
Q

What is central command fatigue

A

Cerebral cortex cannot excite motor neurones

20
Q

What are the characteristics of oxidative fibres in Siegel muscle

A

Increases mito
Increased blood
Myoglobin
Redder

21
Q

Do fast glycolytic resist fatigue

A

No, oxadative do

22
Q

What is the order of recruitment during muscle

A

Slow oxidative
Fast ocidative
Fast glycolytic

23
Q

What is the difference between denervation atrophy and disuse atrophy

A

1st is physical damage, other is not using it

24
Q

In muscle what is hyperatrophy

A

Increase muscle mass due to excessive

25
Q

In smooth muscle what does Ca bind to

A

Calmodulin

26
Q

In smooth muscle regulation is between what two enzymes

A

Myosin light chain kinase/ phosphotase

27
Q

Ca ATPases are faster in smooth muscle than in skeletal

A

False, slower in smooth

Foundations Of Medicine (14 decks)

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