Muscle Flashcards
What are the 3 types of muscle
Smooth, cardiac, skeletal
How can you class the 3 types of muscle
Striated = skeletal and cardiac
Smooth
What is the basic unit of skeletal unit
Myofibril
Within a myofibril, what is the basic repeating unit
Sarcomere
The H zone is the distance between actin filament and the I band is the distance between myosin filament, true or false
True
What is the A band
Length of the myosin filament
What bands/ zone decreases during contraction
H zone, I band
Why is ATP used in cross bridge head
Ensures you can relax and provides energy
How does Ca regulate muscle contraction
Ca binds to troponin which removes the block on trypomyosin
What stores intracellular calcium
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
What are the tubules called which go deep into the muscle
Transverse
What are the receptors which causes small trickle of calcium in skeletal muscle
DHP
How is calcium removed to go back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum in the skeletal muscle
Ca ATPases
Motor units creates redundancy of control, what is the benefit of this
If I fails loose a bit of function but can be compensated
What is the difference between isometric (pushing weights)and isotonic contraction (planks)
1- longer latency period in isotonic
2- longer contraction time in isotonic
What is optimal length in sketch muscle
That is the length of the muscle for the greatest isometric tension
What are the factors which effect muscle fatigue
Fibre type, length and fitness of the person
What are the mechanisms which causes a muscle fatigue
Conduction failure due to potassium increase leading to depolarisation
Increase in lactic acid causing acidity of proteins
Increase in ADP Pi inhibits X bridge cycle
What is central command fatigue
Cerebral cortex cannot excite motor neurones
What are the characteristics of oxidative fibres in Siegel muscle
Increases mito
Increased blood
Myoglobin
Redder
Do fast glycolytic resist fatigue
No, oxadative do
What is the order of recruitment during muscle
Slow oxidative
Fast ocidative
Fast glycolytic
What is the difference between denervation atrophy and disuse atrophy
1st is physical damage, other is not using it
In muscle what is hyperatrophy
Increase muscle mass due to excessive
In smooth muscle what does Ca bind to
Calmodulin
In smooth muscle regulation is between what two enzymes
Myosin light chain kinase/ phosphotase
Ca ATPases are faster in smooth muscle than in skeletal
False, slower in smooth
