Murmur Associations Flashcards
Early diastolic murmur
Aortic regurgitation
Collapsing pulse
Aortic regurgitation
Wide pulse pressure
Aortic regurgitation
Quincke’s sign (nailbed pulsating)
Aortic regurgitation
De Musset’s sign (head bobbing)
Aortic regurgitation
Ejection systolic
Aortic stenosis, HOCM, pulmonary stenosis, ASD, tetralogy of fallot
Late systolic
Coarctation, mitral valve prolapse
Pansystolic
Mitral regurgitation - blowing (+assoc HOCM), tricuspid regurgitation, VSD
Mid-late diastolic
Mitral stenosis
Continuous machine-like murmur
PDA
Slow rising pulse
Aortic stenosis
Soft S2
Aortic stenosis
S4
Stiff ventricle - Aortic stenosis, HOCM, HTN. Coincides with p wave.
Opening snap
Mitral stenosis
Malar flush
Mitral stenosis
Soft S1
Mitral regurgitation, long PR
Split S2
Mitral regurgitation, normal in inspiration, RBBB, pulmonary stenosis, ASD
Jerky pulse
HOCM
‘a’ waves
Atrial contraction - HOCM, pulmonary stenosis, pulmonary hypertension, tricuspid stenosis
S3
Diastolic filling of ventricle (sloshing) - LVH, constrictive pericarditis, mitral regurgitation
Loud S2
HTN (systemic A2, pulmonary P2), hyperdynamic state, ASD
Giant ‘v’ waves
Tricuspid regurgitation
Cannon ‘a’ wave
Atrial contraction against closed tricuspid valve - complete heart block, VT, ectopics, single chamber V pacing
Bisferiens pulse
Mixed aortic valve disease
Pulsus alternans
Severe LVF - pulses alternate between weak and strong
Pulsus paradoxus
Tamponade, constrictive pericarditis
Steep X descent
Tamponade
Steep X and Y descent
Constrictive pericarditis
