Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Kcep 210 final > Multiple Sclerosis > Flashcards

Multiple Sclerosis Flashcards

1
Q

What systems are involved in MS?

A

Neurological, immune

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

When MS strike?

A

20 to 40 yo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Is MS curable?

A

No but meds can help:

  • Speed recovery from attacks
  • Modify the course of the disease and symptoms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Can you have Multiple Sclerosis and be an athlete?

A
  • yes

- Kayla runs track and field

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

MS - What is it ?

A

Chronic, progressive disease that leads to increasing disability in most individuals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

MS - Multiple means?

A

Many scattered areas of the brain and spinal cord are affected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

MS - Sclerosis means?

A

hardened tissue in damaged areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

MS - Process ?

A

Immune system attacks the myelin sheath causing communication problems between the brain and the rest of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

MS - Incidence

A
  • 55 000 to 75 000 people in CAN
  • More women than men
  • Cost more than 1 billion / year to canadian economy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

MS - Incidence (number of people) in CAN

A
  • 55 000 to 75 000 people in CAN
  • 166 people per 100 000
  • More women than men
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

MS - Incidence (age)

A
  • Most common central nervous system disease in young adult
  • Avg age of clinical onset 30-33
  • Avg age of diagnosis 37
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

MS - why is there a delay before diagnosis?

A
  • Symptoms comes and go
  • Ms get mixed up w/ other conditions
  • Symptoms vary from person to person
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

MS - Incidence (life expectancy)

A
  • 1936, 8% survive beyond 20 years after onset of illness
  • Now, average population life-expectancy - 7 years
    Because of better treatment and better knowledge of the illness
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

MS - Incidence (cost)

A
  • Cost more than 1 billion / year to canadian economy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

MS - Causes

A
  • unknown

- considered au autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the tissue by accident

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

MS - T-cell and Monocytes

A

Destroy the myelin sheath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

MS - Risk factors (8)

A
  • Age
  • Sex
  • Family history
  • Certain infections
  • Climate
  • Certain autoimmune diseases
  • Smoking
  • Race
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

MS - incidence per population (inuit)

A

19 per 100 000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

MS - incidence per population (scottish)

A
  • 200 per 100 000

- Highest rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

MS - ratio of white to non-white people

A

2:1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

MS - Symptoms

A

Differ greatly from each person and over the course of the disease depending on type and location

22
Q

MS - types of lesion locations (5)

A
  • Optic nerve lesion
  • Brain stem lesion
  • Cerebellum and cerebrum lesion
  • Motor nerve tract lesion
  • Sensory nerve tract lesion
23
Q

MS - Symptoms associated to optic nerve lesion

A

Blurred vision

24
Q

MS - Symptoms associated to brain stem lesion

A

Dizziness and double vision

25
Q

MS - Symptoms associated to Cerebellum and cerebrum lesion

A

Balance and speech problems, uncoordinated mvt and tremors

26
Q

MS - Symptoms associated to motor nerve tract lesion

A

Muscle weakness, spasticity paralysis, bladder and bowel impairments

27
Q

MS - Symptoms associated to sensory nerve tract lesion

A

Altered sensation, numbness, prickling, burning sensations

28
Q

MS - other symptoms

A
  • Fatigue (78% of all patient)

- Tremor, lack of coordination or unsteady gate

29
Q

MS walking pattern

A

Lack of opposition of arms and legs

30
Q

Course of MS - best scenario

A

Exacerbation -> Remission

31
Q

Course of MS - Luckiest scenario

A

Exacerbation -> Myelin becomes inflames -> No scar formation -> Complete recovery -> No loss of function

32
Q

Course of MS - Worst scenario for more severe crisis

A

Exacerbation -> Myelin becomes inflames -> Scar formation -> Permanent myelin damage-> Loss of function

33
Q

Course of MS - Synonym of exacerbation

A
  • Flare-up
  • Attack
  • Relapse
34
Q

Course of MS - What does therapy help with ?

A
  • Decrease severity

- Decrease frequence of relapse

35
Q

MS - Classification based on

A
  • Rate of disease progression

- Frequency of flare-ups

36
Q

MS - Types (4)

A
  • Relapsing / Remitting MS (RRMS)
  • Secondary progressive MS (SPMS)
  • Primary progressive MS (PPMS)
  • Progressive-relapsing MS (PRMS)
37
Q

Type of MS - Relapsing / Remitting MS (RRMS)

A
  • Most common type
  • Unpredictable but define by relapses where new symptoms appear or existing one worsen.
  • Between relapse, recovery is complete or nearly complete
  • Meds can help
38
Q

Type of MS - Secondary progressive MS (SPMS)

A
  • Over time, less apparent distinct relapses and remission
  • Disease begins to progress steadily
  • Half of people with RRMS, worsen 10-20 yrs after diagnosis = increase level of disability
  • Meds can help
39
Q

Type of MS - Primary progressive MS (PPMS)

A
  • Slow accumulation of disability without defined relapse
  • Stabilize for periods of time and minor temporary improvement
  • No periods of remission
  • 10 % of people w/ MS
  • Meds cannot help
40
Q

Type of MS- Progressive-relapsing MS (PRMS)

A
  • Rarest type = only 5% of MS cases
  • Experience relapses with or without recovery
  • Steadily worsening disease from the beginning
  • Meds can help
41
Q

MS and exercise - Guidelines

A
  • Reduce fatigue
  • Improve mobility
  • Enhance elements of health-related quality of life
42
Q

MS and exercise - Who guidelines for?

A

Adults with mild to moderate MS resulting from relapsing remitting or progressive forms of MS

43
Q

MS and exercise - Is KCEP qualified to train MS client

A

Yes

44
Q

MS and exercise - Aerobic activity

A
  • 2x / week
  • At least 30 min during each session
  • Moderate intensity (5-6 / 10)
  • General rule, you can talk but not sing a song during moderate intensity activity
45
Q

MS and exercise - Aerobic activity types of exercises

A
  • Arm cycling
  • Walking, leg cycling
  • Elliptical training
46
Q

MS and exercise - Strength training activity

A
  • 2x / week
  • Work up to 2 sets of 10-15
  • Pick a resistance heavy enough that you can barely finish 10-15 reps of last set
47
Q

MS and exercise - Strength training activity types of exercises

A
  • Weight machines
  • Free weight
  • Cable pulleys
48
Q

MS and exercise - Other types of exercises

A
  • Elastics resistance bands

- Aquatic exercise

49
Q

MS vs Exercise - Considerations

A
  • Lower level of fitness (cardiovascular, muscular strength and endurance)
  • Decrease balance
  • Fatigue
  • Heat intolerance
  • Depression
  • Exercise doesn’t trigger period of exacerbation if done properly
50
Q

MS vs Exercise - Effects of exercise

A
  • Increase aerobic capacity
  • Increase muscular strength and endurance
  • Increase quality of life
  • Increase independence in ADL

Kcep 210 final (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions