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Kcep 210 final > Aging and Frailty > Flashcards

Aging and Frailty Flashcards

1
Q

At what age is someone considered a senior?

A

65+

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2
Q

Aging & Frailty - Incidence

A
  • 1 in 6 Canadians is at least 65 years old

- More senior than children in Canada

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3
Q

When did the number of senior surpassed the number of children?

A

In 2015

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4
Q

What is the median age of the Canadian population?

A

40 years old

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5
Q

Trend : % of senior of total canadian population

A
  • Number of senior is increasing
  • More senior lives older
  • 1921: 5% of population
  • 2041: 22% of population
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6
Q

What happen to the pourcentage of people with a disability with age?

A

It increase

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7
Q

What is the most common condition found among elderly?

A

Arthritis

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8
Q

Trend : population with a chronic condition by age

A

The older you are = more at risk of having a chronic condition

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9
Q

Top 2 most common condition in senior

A
  • Arthritis and High BP

- Some older adults have more than 1 condition

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10
Q

What condition does the kcep internship doesn’t have a program for?

A

Allergies

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11
Q

What’s Frailty?

A
  • Found in elderly adults over 65 y\old

- Acceleration in physical and cognitive decline due to aging

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12
Q

Frailty - diagnosis based on what elements (5)

A
  • Muscle weakness
  • Decrease physical activity
  • Decrease speed
  • Physical exhaustion
  • Decrease unintentional weight
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13
Q

Frailty - Holistic definition

A

Increase vulnerability to internal and external stressor (due to decrease physiological reserves)

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14
Q

Ways to prevent frailty in seniors? (3)

A
  • Exercise
  • Nutrition
  • Socialization
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15
Q

Frailty - sarcopenia

A

Age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass associated with the increase physiological and functional vulnerability

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16
Q

Frailty - osteopenia

A

Age-related loss of bone mineral density associated with an increase risk for osteoporosis

17
Q

Frailty - Balance disorder

A
  • Disturbance = feel unsteady/ sensation of mvt when standing or laying down
  • Caused by certain health conditions, meds or problem in inner ear or brain
18
Q

Frailty - Nutritional problems

A
  • Senior lose appetites and don’t eat correctly

- Not feel like eating, are alone, not have energy or money

19
Q

Physiological changes associated with aging - cardiovascular system

A
  • Decreased in VO2 peak and max HR the older you get

- Increase resting and exercise BP

20
Q

Physiological changes associated with aging - Musculoskeletal system

A
  • Decrease in muscle strength, flexibility, balance and muscle mass
  • Higher decrease in muscle strength in women than men
21
Q

Physiological changes associated with aging - Nervous system

A
  • Increase time of reaction

- Decrease sensory system / decrease in nerve conduction cause by neuronal degeneration

22
Q

Physiological changes associated with aging - Metabolic system

A
  • Decrease basal metabolic rate and lean body mass

- Increase body fat

23
Q

Physiological changes associated with aging - strongest correlation between risk of fall and which variable?

A

Increase time of reaction (second best is muscle strength)

24
Q

Factors leading to sarcopenia and frailty - What can kcep help with?

A

Lifestyle

- Low physical activity level

25
Q

Muscle mass, strength and disability - which training mode can decrease the risk of reaching the disability threshold?

A

Strength training

26
Q

Muscle mass, strength and disability - Range of muscle mass & strength between individuals trend

A
  • Early life = growth and development to peak
  • Adult life = maintaining peak
  • Older life = minimising loss
27
Q

Postural changes associated with frail older adults (4)

A
  • Forward head position
  • Rounded shoulders
  • Kyphosis
  • Knee flexion (when condition is more severe)
28
Q

Gait changes in older adult - What increase

A
  • Stance phase (time)
29
Q

Gait changes in older adult - What decrease (4)

A
  • Velocity = hip, knee & ankle flexion
  • Step length = swing phase
  • Step rate (cadence)
  • Power generation at push-off
30
Q

Exercise recommendation for frail senior - Aerobic

A

Increase functional capacity and independence

31
Q

Exercise recommendation for frail senior - Strength

A

Prevent or reverse frailty

- Start program without weight and add slowly

32
Q

Exercise recommendation for frail senior - Flexibility

A

Prevent injury (ex: frozen shoulder)

33
Q

Exercise recommendation for frail senior - neuromuscular

A

Prevent falls

Kcep 210 final (8 decks)

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