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Kcep 210 final > Arthritis > Flashcards

Arthritis Flashcards

1
Q

Arthritis - typical clientele

A
  • Older adults

- More females (26 % vs 19%)

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2
Q

What does arthritis means?

A
  • Arthro = joints
  • itis = inflammation
  • Groupe of condition where there is damage caused to the joint
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3
Q

Arthritis - symptoms

A
  • Soreness
  • Stiffness
  • Pain
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4
Q

Most common forms of arthritis (2)

A
  • Rheumatoid arthritis (1% of population)

- Osteoarthritis (10 % of population)

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5
Q

Arthritis - Main problems (2)

A
  • Decreased joint mobility

- Presence of joint pain

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6
Q

Arthritis - incidence

A
  • 4 million Can. (1/7)

- most common cause of long-term disability

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7
Q

Why is the incidence going up?

A

Aging of the population

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8
Q

Impact of arthritis on DL

A
  • Pain = less activity (like gardening, snow shoveling, cleaning house)
  • Physical inactivity higher in people with arthritis
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9
Q

Hand involvement

A
  • Inflammation (swelling)
  • Deformity (bone displacement)
  • Painful
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10
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) - age of onset

A

Between 20-50 years old

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11
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) - more common in which gender

A

3x more in females

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12
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) - what is it

A
  • Inflammation in the synovial membranes and spread through joint
  • More one joint and usually symmetrical
  • Period of exacerbation (flare up) and remission
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13
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) - most common area

A
  • Wrist
  • Hand
  • Knees
  • Feet
  • Cervical spine
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14
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) - disease type

A
  • systemic meaning the entire body is affected
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15
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) - causes + medication

A
  • malfunction of the immune system

- Meds reduce inflammation and pain + immunosuppressive drugs

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16
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) - C-reactive protein

A

Protein produced by the liver and found in blood

- Blood test for RA diagnosis

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17
Q

Juvenile Rheumatoid arthritis - age of onset

A
  • Average : 6 years old
    2 peaks
  • 2-4 years old
  • 8-11 years old
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18
Q

Juvenile Rheumatoid arthritis - Recovery

A
  • Complete functional recovery in 50% of cases
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19
Q

Juvenile Rheumatoid arthritis - symptoms and cause

A

Similar to RA

- Period of exacerbation last 1 week to several months

20
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis - Warning signs (6)

A
  • Inflammation (pain, swelling, tenderness, heat, redness)
  • Inflammation start gradually or sudden severe attack
  • Morning stiffness (longer than 30 min)
  • Pain in 3 or more joint
  • Low energy and fatigue
  • Fever and weight loss
21
Q

Osteoarthritis - age of onset + incidence between gender

A
  • 50 + years old

- Same incidence 50-50

22
Q

Osteoarthritis - type of disease

A
  • Peripheral (local effect)

- Degenerative joint disease (loss of articular cartilage)

23
Q

Osteoarthritis - most common area

A
  • Joints
  • Hands
  • Spine
  • Hips
  • Knees
24
Q

Osteoarthritis - Causes and symptoms + meds

A
  • Genetic predisposition, joint trauma, excess weight, overuse syndrome
  • Symptoms get worse throughout the day (fatigue)
  • Meds reduce joint inflammation and pain
25
Q

Glucosamine

A
  • No clear proof that it works
  • Reduce pain
  • Improve physical function
26
Q

Arthritis treatment - effect of exercise (4)

A
  • Reduce pain
  • Prevent joint damage
  • Maintain healthy weight (= less strain on joints)
  • Strenghten muscles around inflamed joint
27
Q

Arthritis treatment - joint movement

A

Mechanical pressure over the cartilage = bring nutrients and squeezes out waste

28
Q

Arthritis treatment - Absence of movement

A
  • Cartilage will starve and crumble away

- Tendons and ligaments will shrink, stiffen up and become weaker

29
Q

Program people like me - fitness assessments (6)

A
  • Pre and post 12 week session
  • Resting HR and BP
  • Height and weight
  • Waist circumference
  • Body fat % and fat free mass
  • Aerobic testing
30
Q

Program people like me - Classes (7)

A
  • each class is once a week
  • Pre and post exercise eval
  • Aerobic training
  • Resistance training
  • Range of motion
  • Stretching
  • Muscle relaxation or educational talk
31
Q

Program people like me - Training intensity (red)

A
  • More than normal pain + joint in flare up

- Low intensity (rest/recover, ROM, educational talk)

32
Q

Program people like me - Training intensity (yellow)

A
  • Normal pain + normal joint comfort

- Intensity easy to moderate (normal exercise routine)

33
Q

Program people like me - Training intensity (green)

A
  • Better than normal pain + joint feeling good

- Intensity moderate to high (increase time/ weight/ reps/ set)

34
Q

Exercise recommendations (ROM + stretching) - Joint affected but not painful

A
  • ROM exercise : 5-10 reps + position held for 3 sec

- Stretching : 2-3 rep + position held for 20-30 sec

35
Q

Exercise recommendations (ROM + stretching) - Joint slight swollen not hot or painful

A

Cut rep in half

36
Q

Exercise recommendations (ROM + stretching) - Joint hot, swollen and painful

A
  • ROM : 1-2 reps

- No stretching

37
Q

Exercise recommendations (strenghtening) - Joint affected but not painful

A

5-10 reps with low load repeated up to 3x (15-30 reps)

38
Q

Exercise recommendations (strenghtening) - Joint slight swollen + mildly painful

A

cut reps in half = 7-15 reps

39
Q

Exercise recommendations (strenghtening) - Joint hot, swollen and painful

A

Avoid strenghtening exercises

40
Q

Strengthening - key point

A
  • Important to move (ROM) the affected joint

- Can use light weight and/ or stretch bands

41
Q

Decreasing symptoms - Relaxation

A
  • Relaxing muscle around inflamed joint = reduce pain

- Stress/ anxiety increase pain

42
Q

Decreasing symptoms - Heat/ Cold

A
  • Heat relax aching muscle, reduce joint pain and soreness (not on swollen joints)
  • Cold lessen pain and swelling in joint
43
Q

Joint protection

A
  • Be kind to body = after heavy work or same task, slow down or stop
  • Use arms, legs and back in safe ways to avoid stress on joints
44
Q

Surgery - when is it considered

A
  • Joint badly damage

- Pain too strong

45
Q

Surgery - Benefits (3)

A
  • Less pain
  • Better movements and function
  • Better physical appearance

Kcep 210 final (8 decks)

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