multicultural approaches in psychotherapy Flashcards
what is the dodo bird conjecture
- Rosenzweig
- common rather than specific factors
what is the dodo bird effect
many meta-analyses, all therapies lead to comparable effect sizes
what did Lambert find
looked at
- techniques - not important
- expectancy or placebo
- therapeutic relationship
- client variables - most important
what did king et al find that supported humanistic approaches
compared group that had interventions with control group
- PCT and CBT equally effective in reducing symptoms
what did gibbard and hanley find about PCT
- Pct effective for anxiety and depression over 5 years
- not just mild and moderate
what did McArthur et al find
- school-based humanistic counselling
- mental distresses is caused by extrinsic demands
- promotes self awareness and acceptance
- used self-report
- found might be effective in reducing distress but small sample lacking diversity
what did Pearce et al find
- supported McArthur in a more ethnically diverse sample
- found short term effectiveness
what did Freire et al find
- PCT children and adolescents in a residential shelter in brazil
- 6 months observable improvements
- not randomised control trial
what is the definition of culture
- values and behaviours shared by a group of individuals
why is multiculturalism important for mental wellbeing
- minority groups can experience prejudice and marginalisation
why is multiculturalism important for psychotherapy
- dominant therapies - white, male, western
- support monocultural worldview - not suited to diverse
- can lead to ethnocentrism
- minority groups might not receive help
what is a worldview
how individuals define themselves and how they relate to others
what core values did Laungani propose that distinguish western and eastern cultures
- individualism - collectivism
- cognitivism - emotionalism
- free will - determinism
- materialism - spiritualism
what did Derald sue propose
- mainstream white male culture biased against minority groups
- traditional eurocentric therapies can be harmful to diverse groups - cultural oppression
what are non-western therapies
- meditation - mindfulness, hinduism
- naikan therapy - japanese buddhism - find meaning, feel and show gratitude
what did sue et al say were the 3 main components of cultural competence
- awareness of own assumptions, values, biases
- understanding worldview of culturally different clients
- developing appropriate strategies
what are the 3 types of microaggression
- microassault - conscious
- microinsult - unconscious
- microinvalidations - unconscious - often - ignore things
what did Peggy McIntosh argue
- therapists need to gain awareness of own cultural heritage and the impact of this
- practice cultural humanity
- awareness of position to power and privilege
- unpack the invisible knapsack of white privilege
what did knipscheer and kleber propose
- culturally competent therapists enhance their clients satisfaction with treatment
what did owen et al find 2016
- clients rating their therapists as culturally humble report better therapy outcomes
