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MSK > Multi-System Auto-Immune Disease > Flashcards

Multi-System Auto-Immune Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What is Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)?

A

Connective tissue disease

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2
Q

What are the common presentations of SLE?

A
  • Young (15-50 y.o.)
  • Female > Male (9:1)
  • Afro-caribbeans > Asian > Caucasians
  • Butterfly Rash
  • Discoid rash
  • Renal dysfunction
  • Haemotological dysfunction
  • Small joint arthritis
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3
Q

How is SLE diagnosed?

A

Urinalysis - highlights renal dysfunction

Anti-Nuclear Antibodies - Anti-smith, Anti-double stranded DNA, Cardiolipin, Lupus anticoagulant

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4
Q

What is Scleroderma?

A

Thickening of the skin

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5
Q

What are the common features of scleroderma?

A
  • Middle aged (30-50)
  • Females > Males (3:1)
  • Complications such as:
  • Pulmonary Hypertension
  • Pulmonary Fibrosis
  • Renal Crisis
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6
Q

How is Scleroderma diagnosed?

A

Tissue sample to test for scl-70 (type of ANA)

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7
Q

What is Sjogren’s syndrome?

A

Long-term autoimmune disease which affects the salivary glands

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8
Q

What are the common presentations of Sjogrens Syndrome?

A
  • Dry eyes & mouth
  • Parotid gland enlargement
  • Some systemic symptoms:

Fatigue

Fever

Myalgia/arthralgia

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9
Q

How is Sjogrens syndrome diagnosed?

A

Anti-nuclear antibody test

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10
Q

What is polymyositis/dermatomyositis?

A

Polymyositis - Chronic Inflammation of the muscles

Dermatomyositis - Chronic inflammation of muscles with a skin rash

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11
Q

What are the common features of polymyositis/dermatomyositis?

A

Polymyositis - Marked symmetrical muscle weakness and wasting in the proximal musculature

Dermatomyositis - Marked symmetrical muscle weakness in the proximal musculature with Gottron’s papules or Heliotrope rash

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12
Q

What are the vasculitides?

A

A collection of diseases of the blood vessels

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13
Q

How are the vasculitides classified?

A

Large vessels - Giant Cell Arteritis

Medium vessels - Polyarteritis Nodosa

Small vessels - Microscopic polyangitis, Granulomatosis with polyangitis

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14
Q

What are the common features of Giant Cell Arteritis?

A
  • Enlargement of Temporal arteries
  • > 50 y.o.
  • New headache
  • ESR > 50
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15
Q

What are the common features of Granulomatosis with Polyangitis?

A
  • Upper & lower respiratory tract involvement
  • Small-Medium vessels involved
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16
Q

What are the different types of scleroderma?

A

3 types:

Morphea

Limited

Diffuse

MSK (31 decks)

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